激光器远场光轴稳定性检测系统研究

发布时间：2018-07-13 10:28

【摘要】：军用激光器一般应用于野外战场环境,由于激光器自身的因素及战场环境的干扰,在经过远距离传输后,其光轴会发生抖动,会影响激光的照射精度。本文就是针对一款军用激光器设计了一套基于摄像测量学理论的激光器远场光轴稳定性检测系统。首先,本文指出了引起激光器光轴抖动的具体原因,论述了基于CCD相机的摄像测量学方法相对于传统测量方法的优势,还给出了评价激光器光轴稳定性的具体参数。其次,本文详细的介绍了整个检测系统的基本原理及各个分系统的设计思路。在硬件系统方面,本文解决了同步采集激光光斑图像的问题,使得采集系统能够实时、完整的采集到连续光斑图像；同时,通过建立数学模型,模拟了激光在传输过程中的能量损耗过程,并据此确定了光学系统的焦距与口径等参数。在算法方面,本文对光斑图像的处理算法及光斑中心定位算法做了具体介绍,对比了几种光斑中心定位算法的优劣,并选定以最小二乘法圆拟合算法作为最终的中心定位算法。在软件系统方面,本文设计了CCD相机的图像采集控制软件及光斑图像分析处理软件。另外,本文还分析了整个系统的系统误差来源以及系统误差的测量方法。最后,在实验室内部,我们建立了两套仿真系统来对整套系统的原理和检测过程都进行了仿真,两套仿真系统分别为原理性演示系统与外场仿真系统。演示系统主要是对检测系统的设计原理进行仿真与验证,外场仿真系统则是在模拟了激光的大气传输的条件下,对受到扰动的激光光轴进行稳定性检测。这两套系统都是实物仿真系统,都是通过采集到的光斑图像对仿真系统中所用的激光器进行了光轴稳定性的分析,并对检测结果进行了系统误差的修正。
[Abstract]:Military lasers are generally used in field battlefield environment. Due to the factors of the laser and the interference of the battlefield environment, the optical axis of the laser will be jitter after a long distance transmission, which will affect the laser radiation accuracy. This paper is designed for a military laser based on the photogrammetry theory of laser beam stability in the far field. First, this paper points out the specific reasons for the jitter of the laser beam, discusses the advantages of the camera measurement method based on the CCD camera relative to the traditional measurement method, and gives the specific parameters to evaluate the stability of the laser axis. Secondly, this paper introduces the basic principle and the various kinds of the whole detection system in detail. In the hardware system, this paper solves the problem of synchronous acquisition of laser spot image, so that the acquisition system can collect the continuous spot image in real time. At the same time, by establishing a mathematical model, the energy loss process of the laser in the transmission process is simulated, and the focal distance of the optical system is determined accordingly. In the algorithm aspect, the algorithm of the spot image processing and the spot center location algorithm are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of several spot center location algorithms are compared, and the least squares circle fitting algorithm is selected as the final center location algorithm. In the soft ware system, the image of the CCD camera is designed in this paper. In addition, the system error source and the measurement method of system error are also analyzed in this paper. Finally, in the laboratory, we set up two sets of simulation systems to simulate the principle and detection process of the whole system, and the two sets of simulation systems are principles respectively. The demonstration system and the field simulation system. The demonstration system is mainly to simulate and verify the design principle of the detection system. The field simulation system is to detect the stability of the disturbed laser axis under the condition of simulating the transmission of the laser atmosphere. These two systems are all physical simulation systems, all of which are acquired through the acquisition of light. Spot image is used to analyze the optical axis stability of the laser used in the simulation system, and the system error is corrected.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP391.41;TN248

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