面向PCB焊点检测的关键技术研究
发布时间：2018-08-05 18:51
【摘要】：随着电子技术和大规模集成电路的发展,自动光学检测设备在表面封装技术领域得到了快速的发展。而PCB焊点的质量是影响产品质量的最关键因素之一,其质量的检测显得异常重要。所以,本文针对PCB焊点检测的关键技术进行研究分析与设计。通过分析RGB环形层次光的反射理论与色彩高亮度倾斜图理论,针对焊点基本特征与表面特征描述方法,总结出了常见缺陷的焊点特征,以及对现有的光源入射形式与常见结构的分析,提出了符合焊点检测需要的RGB环形层次正面直射光源结构,完成了RGB环形层次正面直射光源设计。并基于实际检测的需求,FOV的大小和分辨率的要求,对工业CCD相机以及工业镜头进行功能上的选择,找到符合CCD传感器对RGB三色最佳灵敏度的LED光源,并通过光谱测试仪进行了相关测试,最终确定了光源的相关部件与成像系统的部件。根据LED发光二极管的特性,提出了相数的方法,即将每环LED分成若干相和每相由8或12个LED组成额定电压为+24V,来降低电路的发热提高了LED的发光均匀性和整个LED环的稳定性。并在设计时,预留了一个闲置通道,对以后的维修和增加光路做准备。建立了双丝杠模型的简化与数学模型,并采用软件对其进行仿真分析,最终通过实验来证明设计的合理性,提高载物台传动系统的稳定性和定位精度。基于RGB的高亮度倾斜图理论和色彩的三原色理论,以及焊点表面的成型特点,提出了通过RGB三种颜色的提取及颜色所占检测区域的多少来判断焊点质量和元件的定位方法。
[Abstract]:With the development of electronic technology and large scale integrated circuit, automatic optical inspection equipment has been developed rapidly in the field of surface packaging technology. The quality of PCB solder joint is one of the most important factors affecting product quality. Therefore, this paper studies and designs the key technology of PCB solder joint detection. By analyzing the reflection theory of RGB annular layer light and the theory of color high brightness tilt diagram, the solder joint characteristics of common defects are summarized according to the basic characteristics of solder joints and the description method of surface features. Based on the analysis of the existing incident mode and common structure of the light source, the RGB ring level direct light source structure which meets the needs of solder joint detection is put forward, and the design of the RGB ring level front direct light source is completed. Based on the requirement of the actual detection, the industrial CCD camera and the industrial lens are selected on the basis of the requirement of the size and resolution of the RGB, and the LED light source which accords with the best sensitivity of the CCD sensor to the RGB is found. The related components of the light source and the imaging system are finally determined by the spectrometer. According to the characteristics of LED light-emitting diodes, a method of phase number is proposed, that is, each LED is divided into several phases and each phase is composed of 8 or 12 LED, the rated voltage is 24V, which can reduce the heating of the circuit and improve the uniformity of LED and the stability of the whole LED loop. At the time of design, an idle channel is reserved to prepare for future maintenance and increase of optical path. The simplified and mathematical model of double lead screw model is established, and the software is used to simulate and analyze it. Finally, the rationality of the design is proved by experiment, and the stability and positioning accuracy of the load platform transmission system are improved. Based on the theory of high brightness tilt diagram of RGB and the theory of three primary colors of color, as well as the forming characteristics of solder joint surface, this paper puts forward a method to judge the quality of solder joint and the location of components through the extraction of three colors of RGB and the amount of detecting area occupied by the color.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN41
本文编号：2166674
[Abstract]:With the development of electronic technology and large scale integrated circuit, automatic optical inspection equipment has been developed rapidly in the field of surface packaging technology. The quality of PCB solder joint is one of the most important factors affecting product quality. Therefore, this paper studies and designs the key technology of PCB solder joint detection. By analyzing the reflection theory of RGB annular layer light and the theory of color high brightness tilt diagram, the solder joint characteristics of common defects are summarized according to the basic characteristics of solder joints and the description method of surface features. Based on the analysis of the existing incident mode and common structure of the light source, the RGB ring level direct light source structure which meets the needs of solder joint detection is put forward, and the design of the RGB ring level front direct light source is completed. Based on the requirement of the actual detection, the industrial CCD camera and the industrial lens are selected on the basis of the requirement of the size and resolution of the RGB, and the LED light source which accords with the best sensitivity of the CCD sensor to the RGB is found. The related components of the light source and the imaging system are finally determined by the spectrometer. According to the characteristics of LED light-emitting diodes, a method of phase number is proposed, that is, each LED is divided into several phases and each phase is composed of 8 or 12 LED, the rated voltage is 24V, which can reduce the heating of the circuit and improve the uniformity of LED and the stability of the whole LED loop. At the time of design, an idle channel is reserved to prepare for future maintenance and increase of optical path. The simplified and mathematical model of double lead screw model is established, and the software is used to simulate and analyze it. Finally, the rationality of the design is proved by experiment, and the stability and positioning accuracy of the load platform transmission system are improved. Based on the theory of high brightness tilt diagram of RGB and the theory of three primary colors of color, as well as the forming characteristics of solder joint surface, this paper puts forward a method to judge the quality of solder joint and the location of components through the extraction of three colors of RGB and the amount of detecting area occupied by the color.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN41
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 孟月;陆峰;;视觉系统在全自动COG热压焊机中的应用[J];电子工艺技术;2006年01期
，本文编号：2166674
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