X波段大功率行波管新型慢波结构的研究

发布时间：2018-09-17 06:48

【摘要】：行波管是一种很重要的真空电子器件,它作为信号放大设备广泛应用在通信卫星和军事雷达中。比较常见的行波管有两种,一种是耦合腔行波管,另一种是螺旋线行波管。螺旋线行波管的优点是具有较宽的带宽,但是耦合腔行波管是采用全金属结构,使得它不仅具有牢固的结构和极强的散热能力,同时具有高功率和高增益的优势。因此,耦合腔行波管的研究仍然具有很重要的意义。本文主要研究一种大功率行波管新型慢波结构:脊加载单孔交错耦合矩形耦合腔慢波结构。对比传统的非脊加载矩形耦合腔结构,该结构具有耦合阻抗高且频带与之相当的特点,更有利于行波管的小型化;与双孔耦合矩形耦合腔慢波结构行波管相比,单孔交错耦合矩形耦合腔慢波结构行波管具有更高的耦合阻抗。本文具体工作如下:1.对该新型慢波结构的色散特性和耦合阻抗进行了仿真结算,得到了各个结构尺寸对高频特性的影响规律,并在此基础上优化了慢波结构的尺寸。此外,文章还对匹配于脊加载单孔交错耦合矩形耦合腔慢波结构行波管的输入输出结构、衰减器以及盒型窗进行了仿真设计,得到了高频系统的传输特性。模拟结果显示整个高频系统的驻波系数在工作频带内小于1.6。2.对该慢波结构行波管的注-波互作用进行了模拟。在模拟过程中,我们设置划分的网格数为1065672,设置的粒子数为340136。CST仿真结果显示,在工作频带8.6GHz到9.5GHz范围内,电子效率超过17%。当电子注电压设置在25.95kV到26.95kV,电流为5A时,输出功率超过20kW,增益大于38dB。3.根据研究的结果加工了X波段脊加载交错耦合矩形耦合腔慢波结构行波管的高频系统,包括慢波线、输入输出结构、盒型窗,并对其进行了冷测。测试结果显示,在工作频带8.6GHz到9.5GHz内,整个高频结构的驻波比均小于2。
[Abstract]:Traveling wave tube (TWT) is an important vacuum electronic device, which is widely used in communication satellite and military radar as a signal amplification device. There are two kinds of TWT, one is coupled cavity TWT, the other is helical TWT. The advantage of helical traveling wave tube is that it has wide bandwidth, but the coupling cavity traveling wave tube adopts all metal structure, which makes it not only have firm structure and extremely strong heat dissipation ability, but also has the advantage of high power and high gain. Therefore, the study of coupled cavity TWT is still of great significance. In this paper, a new type of slow wave structure of high power traveling wave tube (TWT) is studied. Compared with the traditional rectangular coupled cavity structure with non-ridge loading, the structure has the characteristics of high coupling impedance and equivalent frequency band, which is more advantageous to the miniaturization of the traveling wave tube, and is more favorable to the miniaturization of the traveling wave tube, compared with the two-hole coupled rectangular coupled cavity slow wave structure traveling wave tube. The single-hole staggered rectangular coupled cavity TWT has higher coupling impedance. The specific work of this paper is as follows: 1. The dispersion characteristics and coupling impedance of the new slow-wave structure are simulated, and the influence of each structure size on the high-frequency characteristic is obtained, and the size of the slow-wave structure is optimized. In addition, the input-output structure, attenuator and box window of the traveling-wave tube with single-hole cross-coupled rectangular coupling cavity are designed and simulated, and the transmission characteristics of the high-frequency system are obtained. The simulation results show that the standing wave coefficient of the whole high frequency system is less than 1.6.2 in the operating frequency band. The beam-wave interaction of the traveling-wave tube with slow wave structure is simulated. In the course of simulation, the mesh number is 1065672 and the particle number is 340136.CST. The simulation results show that the electronic efficiency is over 17.7% in the range from 8.6GHz to 9.5GHz. When the electron beam voltage is set from 25.95kV to 26.95kV and the current is 5A, the output power is more than 20kW and the gain is more than 38dB.3. According to the results of the study, the high frequency system of X-band ridgelet loaded staggered coupled rectangular coupled cavity slow-wave structure TWT is fabricated, including slow wave line, input and output structure, box window, and the cold measurement is carried out. The test results show that the VSWR of the whole high frequency structure is less than 2. 2 in the working band 8.6GHz to 9.5GHz.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN124

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