W波段矢量调制器研究
发布时间：2018-10-22 11:13
【摘要】：FMCW体制雷达相对于传统脉冲体制的雷达具有体积小、功效比高、精确的远距离分辨率以及抗干扰能力强等优点,然而其固有的信号泄漏问题制约了其广泛应用。射频对消技术是公认最为有效的几种解决方案之一,它能抑制大部分发射机的泄露信号以防止接收机饱和,从而避免影响到接收机的性能。矢量调制器作为该技术的核心部件,得到了广泛的研究和应用。对其的研究从最初的近射频波段到现在的太赫兹波段,采用的工艺也由混合集成到如今的单片集成以及3D集成。然而相比于国外20多年的历史和发展经验,国内对这方面的研究不多,而且都集中在较为低频的波段。本论文主要目标是设计一款在94GHz中心频率,且500MHz带宽附近的平衡型I-Q矢量调制器,最终使其输出信号能够在0~360°范围内相位可调,并且幅度衰减范围在10dB至无穷大。本文首先介绍了国内外的研究发展和现况,并详细分析了各类类型的矢量调制器的工作原理以及本文选用平衡结构I-Q矢量调制器的原因。通过对不同结构的耦合器以及合路器的优缺点进行分析,根据应用需要,分别选择了Lange耦合器和Wilkinson功分器。之后我们利用HFSS软件对它们的结构进行了建模仿真,并且因为MMIC工艺的特性,生成Wilkinson功分器的隔离电阻时,可以采用薄膜电阻。随后我们将HFSS模型的仿真后的S参数数据导入ADS软件中进行电路仿真,首先验证了简单结构和平衡结构的优缺点,证实了平衡结构的矢量调制器可以有效的抑制PHEMT晶体管中由于高频引起的寄生参量。然后决定采用平衡结构的I-Q矢量调制器并接着对整个电路进行仿真,仿真结果实现了输出信号在0~360°内的幅度和相位可调,由此证明了方案的可行性。由于单片集成电路芯片加工条件要求很高,并且加工周期较长,因而采取了第二种方案作为备选。第二种方案采用混合集成的结构,同样用HFSS软件设计了波导分支线耦合器以及波导环形电桥,然后为双相幅度调制器芯片设计了版图并做成了单独的模块。最后各模块之间通过法兰盘接口采用波导进行连接并且测试。这种方案技术成熟,加工难度不高,具有很强的可实现性。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional pulse radar, FMCW radar has the advantages of small volume, high efficiency ratio, accurate long range resolution and strong anti-jamming ability. However, its inherent signal leakage problem restricts its wide application. Radio frequency cancellation is one of the most effective solutions. It can suppress the leakage signals of most transmitters to prevent the receiver from saturation and thus avoid affecting the performance of the receiver. As the core component of this technology, vector modulator has been widely studied and applied. From the initial near-RF band to the current terahertz band, the technology used in the study has also changed from hybrid integration to monolithic integration and 3D integration. However, compared with more than 20 years of history and development experience of foreign countries, there is not much research on this aspect in our country, and all of them are concentrated in the lower frequency band. The main goal of this thesis is to design a balanced I-Q vector modulator near the 500MHz bandwidth and the central frequency of the 94GHz. Finally, the output signal can be adjusted in the range of 0 ~ 360 掳, and the amplitude attenuation range is from 10dB to infinity. This paper first introduces the research development and current situation at home and abroad, and analyzes in detail the working principle of various types of vector modulators and the reasons why the balanced I-Q vector modulators are chosen in this paper. By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of coupler and combiner with different structures, Lange coupler and Wilkinson splitter are selected according to the need of application. Then we use HFSS software to model and simulate their structures, and because of the characteristics of MMIC process, we can use thin film resistor to generate the isolation resistor of Wilkinson power divider. Then we import the S parameter data of HFSS model into ADS software for circuit simulation. Firstly, we verify the advantages and disadvantages of simple structure and balanced structure. It is proved that the balanced vector modulator can effectively suppress the parasitic parameters caused by high frequency in PHEMT transistors. Then the I-Q vector modulator with balanced structure is adopted and the whole circuit is simulated. The simulation results show that the amplitude and phase of the output signal can be adjusted in the range of 0 ~ 360 掳, which proves the feasibility of the scheme. Because the machining conditions of monolithic IC chips are very high and the processing cycle is long, the second scheme is adopted as an alternative. The second scheme adopts a hybrid integrated structure. The waveguide branching coupler and the waveguide ring bridge are also designed by HFSS software. Then the layout of the dual-phase amplitude modulator chip is designed and made into a separate module. Finally, each module is connected and tested by using waveguide through flange interface. This scheme has mature technology, low processing difficulty and strong realizability.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN761
本文编号：2286995
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional pulse radar, FMCW radar has the advantages of small volume, high efficiency ratio, accurate long range resolution and strong anti-jamming ability. However, its inherent signal leakage problem restricts its wide application. Radio frequency cancellation is one of the most effective solutions. It can suppress the leakage signals of most transmitters to prevent the receiver from saturation and thus avoid affecting the performance of the receiver. As the core component of this technology, vector modulator has been widely studied and applied. From the initial near-RF band to the current terahertz band, the technology used in the study has also changed from hybrid integration to monolithic integration and 3D integration. However, compared with more than 20 years of history and development experience of foreign countries, there is not much research on this aspect in our country, and all of them are concentrated in the lower frequency band. The main goal of this thesis is to design a balanced I-Q vector modulator near the 500MHz bandwidth and the central frequency of the 94GHz. Finally, the output signal can be adjusted in the range of 0 ~ 360 掳, and the amplitude attenuation range is from 10dB to infinity. This paper first introduces the research development and current situation at home and abroad, and analyzes in detail the working principle of various types of vector modulators and the reasons why the balanced I-Q vector modulators are chosen in this paper. By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of coupler and combiner with different structures, Lange coupler and Wilkinson splitter are selected according to the need of application. Then we use HFSS software to model and simulate their structures, and because of the characteristics of MMIC process, we can use thin film resistor to generate the isolation resistor of Wilkinson power divider. Then we import the S parameter data of HFSS model into ADS software for circuit simulation. Firstly, we verify the advantages and disadvantages of simple structure and balanced structure. It is proved that the balanced vector modulator can effectively suppress the parasitic parameters caused by high frequency in PHEMT transistors. Then the I-Q vector modulator with balanced structure is adopted and the whole circuit is simulated. The simulation results show that the amplitude and phase of the output signal can be adjusted in the range of 0 ~ 360 掳, which proves the feasibility of the scheme. Because the machining conditions of monolithic IC chips are very high and the processing cycle is long, the second scheme is adopted as an alternative. The second scheme adopts a hybrid integrated structure. The waveguide branching coupler and the waveguide ring bridge are also designed by HFSS software. Then the layout of the dual-phase amplitude modulator chip is designed and made into a separate module. Finally, each module is connected and tested by using waveguide through flange interface. This scheme has mature technology, low processing difficulty and strong realizability.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN761
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