开关型霍尔电路芯片的设计
发布时间：2018-10-22 12:12
【摘要】：随着信息技术的发展,传感器技术得到了广泛应用,具有体积小、成本低、结构简单的霍尔传感器备受青睐。本文在现有霍尔电路基础上研究了一款开关型霍尔电路芯片,它能够将作用在霍尔元件上的磁信号转换为电信号,并通过对霍尔电势的分析检测磁场的存在,体积小、抗干扰能力强。通过对霍尔效应以及霍尔电路工作原理的深入分析并结合国内现有的工艺条件,设计了一款开关型霍尔电路芯片。芯片主要包括:稳压电路、霍尔元件、差分放大电路、施密特触发器电路、集电极开路输出电路。分析、比较了几种消除霍尔元件失调电压的方法,最终采用旋转电流法,并将霍尔元件置于整个芯片的中间位置以减小压阻效应的影响。为了便于对霍尔电路进行仿真,提高仿真精度,对霍尔元件进行了深入分析并采用Verilog-A语言建立了霍尔元件模型。采用施密特触发器实现开关型霍尔电路芯片的迟滞特性,并对其两个翻转点进行了定性分析与定量计算。当外界磁场增加到开启点时,输出变为低电平,继续增大磁场,输出状态不变。如果磁场开始变小,只有当磁场减小到释放点时,输出电压才会由低电平变为高电平。当磁场大小处于迟滞区间时,输出状态保持不变,从而确保电路可靠、稳定地工作。在对各模块电路的组成及工作原理进行分析的基础上,设计了霍尔电路芯片整体电路,并通过仿真分析验证了所设计电路的可行性。最后,采用2μm 36V Bipolar工艺设计了芯片版图,并通过DRC检查和LVS验证。同时,对所设计版图进行流片验证,对流片的芯片进行测试,结果表明其各项性能指标达到了设计要求。
[Abstract]:With the development of information technology, sensor technology has been widely used, with small size, low cost, simple structure Hall sensor is favored. In this paper, a switch Hall circuit chip is studied on the basis of the existing Hall circuit. It can convert the magnetic signal acting on Hall element into electric signal, and detect the presence of magnetic field through the analysis of Hall potential. Strong anti-interference ability. Based on the analysis of Hall effect and the working principle of Hall circuit, a switch Hall circuit chip is designed. The chip mainly includes: voltage stabilizing circuit, Hall element, differential amplifier circuit, Schmitt trigger circuit, collector open circuit output circuit. Several methods to eliminate the offset voltage of Hall element are analyzed and compared. Finally the rotating current method is adopted and the Hall element is placed in the middle position of the whole chip to reduce the effect of piezoresistive effect. In order to facilitate the simulation of Hall circuit and improve the accuracy of simulation, the Hall element model is established by Verilog-A language. Schmitt flip-flop is used to realize the hysteresis characteristics of the switch Hall circuit chip and its two flip points are qualitatively analyzed and quantitatively calculated. When the external magnetic field is increased to the opening point, the output becomes low level and continues to increase the magnetic field, the output state remains unchanged. If the magnetic field begins to shrink, the output voltage will change from low to high only when the magnetic field decreases to the release point. When the magnetic field is in the hysteresis range, the output state remains constant, which ensures the circuit to work reliably and stably. On the basis of analyzing the composition and working principle of each module circuit, the whole circuit of Hall circuit chip is designed, and the feasibility of the designed circuit is verified by simulation analysis. Finally, the chip layout is designed by using 2 渭 m 36V Bipolar process, and verified by DRC and LVS. At the same time, the chip of the convection chip is tested and the results show that the performance of the chip meets the design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN402;TP212
[Abstract]:With the development of information technology, sensor technology has been widely used, with small size, low cost, simple structure Hall sensor is favored. In this paper, a switch Hall circuit chip is studied on the basis of the existing Hall circuit. It can convert the magnetic signal acting on Hall element into electric signal, and detect the presence of magnetic field through the analysis of Hall potential. Strong anti-interference ability. Based on the analysis of Hall effect and the working principle of Hall circuit, a switch Hall circuit chip is designed. The chip mainly includes: voltage stabilizing circuit, Hall element, differential amplifier circuit, Schmitt trigger circuit, collector open circuit output circuit. Several methods to eliminate the offset voltage of Hall element are analyzed and compared. Finally the rotating current method is adopted and the Hall element is placed in the middle position of the whole chip to reduce the effect of piezoresistive effect. In order to facilitate the simulation of Hall circuit and improve the accuracy of simulation, the Hall element model is established by Verilog-A language. Schmitt flip-flop is used to realize the hysteresis characteristics of the switch Hall circuit chip and its two flip points are qualitatively analyzed and quantitatively calculated. When the external magnetic field is increased to the opening point, the output becomes low level and continues to increase the magnetic field, the output state remains unchanged. If the magnetic field begins to shrink, the output voltage will change from low to high only when the magnetic field decreases to the release point. When the magnetic field is in the hysteresis range, the output state remains constant, which ensures the circuit to work reliably and stably. On the basis of analyzing the composition and working principle of each module circuit, the whole circuit of Hall circuit chip is designed, and the feasibility of the designed circuit is verified by simulation analysis. Finally, the chip layout is designed by using 2 渭 m 36V Bipolar process, and verified by DRC and LVS. At the same time, the chip of the convection chip is tested and the results show that the performance of the chip meets the design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN402;TP212
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