用于电子侦察目的宽带低噪声放大器的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-10-23 16:09

【摘要】：电子侦察的主要任务是侦察敌方无线电通信、雷达、导弹制导等电子设备发射的信号,与传统电子侦察系统不同,现代一体化电子侦察系统实现了通信侦察、雷达侦察、卫星侦察等分系统的综合一体化,这项技术则是依靠共用的射频前端完成宽带接收来实现的,而宽带低噪声放大器是共用射频前端中的关键模块。本文从宽带低噪声放大器的基本理论出发,对放大器的宽带匹配技术进行了分析和研究,针对宽带低噪声放大器的技术指标要求,通过合理选择宽带放大器的电路结构,设计了0.5-4GHz、4-12GHz以及12-18GHz三个频段相连的宽带低噪声放大器。首先,采用电阻并联负反馈结构和宽带匹配技术,设计了一款频率覆盖0.5-4GHz宽带低噪声放大器。测试结果显示,在整个频段内,放大器增益大于28dB,噪声系数小于2.2dB。在高频段,输入输出反射系数有一定程度的恶化。整体上,测试结果和仿真结果差距很小,基本满足了预期指标要求。然后,同时采用平衡式和电阻并联负反馈电路结构,采用椭圆形槽正交耦合器,设计了一款频率覆盖4-12GHz宽带低噪声放大器。仿真结果显示,在整个频段内,放大器增益大于20dB,噪声系数小于2.8dB,输入输出反射系数均小于-20dB。实物测试结果与仿真结果有部分差距,具体原因和改进措施会在文中详细阐述。最后,采用平衡式电路结构,采用基片集成波导正交耦合器,设计了一款频率覆盖12-18GHz宽带低噪声放大器。仿真结果显示,在整个频率内,放大器增益大于27.8dB,增益平坦度小于2.7dB,噪声系数小于2.3dB,输入输出反射系数均小于-12.9dB。
[Abstract]:The main task of electronic reconnaissance is to detect the signals transmitted by enemy radio communications, radar, missile guidance and other electronic devices. Unlike the traditional electronic reconnaissance systems, the modern integrated electronic reconnaissance system realizes communication reconnaissance and radar reconnaissance. The integration of satellite reconnaissance and other sub-systems, this technology is based on the common RF front-end to complete broadband reception, and broadband low-noise amplifier is the key module in the common RF front-end. Based on the basic theory of broadband low noise amplifier, this paper analyzes and studies the broadband matching technology of the amplifier. According to the technical requirements of the wide band low noise amplifier, the circuit structure of the wide band amplifier is reasonably selected. A wideband low noise amplifier (LNA) is designed, which is connected to three frequency bands (0.5-4GHz 4-12GHz and 12-18GHz). Firstly, a frequency-covered 0.5-4GHz wideband low noise amplifier is designed by using resistor parallel negative feedback structure and wideband matching technology. The test results show that the amplifier gain is more than 28 dB and the noise coefficient is less than 2.2 dB in the whole frequency band. In the high frequency band, the input-output reflection coefficient has a certain degree of deterioration. On the whole, the gap between the test results and the simulation results is very small, which basically meets the requirements of the expected indicators. Then, a frequency-covered 4-12GHz wideband low-noise amplifier is designed using balanced and resistor parallel negative feedback circuit structure and elliptical slot orthogonal coupler. Simulation results show that the amplifier gain is greater than 20 dB, the noise coefficient is less than 2.8 dB, and the input and output reflection coefficients are less than -20 dB in the whole frequency band. There is a partial gap between the physical test results and the simulation results. The specific reasons and improvement measures will be explained in detail in this paper. Finally, a frequency-covered 12-18GHz wideband low-noise amplifier is designed using a balanced circuit structure and a substrate integrated waveguide quadrature coupler. The simulation results show that the amplifier gain is greater than 27.8dB, the gain flatness is less than 2.7dB, the noise coefficient is less than 2.3dB, and the input and output reflection coefficients are less than -12.9 dB.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN722.3

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