电子枪设计的关键技术研究
发布时间：2018-11-15 10:20
【摘要】：微波电子学自诞生以来一直受到追捧,经过百余年的发展,目前已经建立起了完善理论体系,微波电真空器件也成了现代通信系统的核心。电子枪作为微波电真空器件的重要组成部分,它的设计对整管的效率有着至关重要的作用。随着技术的不断发展,由最早的皮尔斯电子枪为起点,各类电子枪层出不穷,新型电子枪的出现使得微波管能够满足高频率,高功率,高效率,高增益,小型化,响应时间迅速等要求。栅控电子枪和带状注电子枪应运而生,作为研究热点,其设计工作也显得有意义,但是对栅控电子枪和带状注电子枪设计的研究仍需要完善。本文主要对栅控电子枪以及带状注电子枪的设计进行研究。对栅控电子枪的结构变化对性能的影响进行了分析。对无栅电子枪,分析了聚焦极和阳极的结构变换,采用与无栅模型结构进行对比,得出加栅之后电子枪性能对聚焦极和阳极结构变化敏感程度的变化。重点研究栅控电子枪特有的栅网结构,主要分析了栅网位置以及栅厚度栅宽度与栅丝设置对栅控电子枪性能的影响。从研究结果得出栅控电子枪对栅网位置最为敏感,加栅之后对聚焦极和阳极结构的变化对电子枪性能的影响程度减弱,相比之下阳极结构的敏感程度略高,外层栅丝影响程度高于内层栅丝,且栅丝层数越少,射程也越大。本文根据敏感性分析得出的结论,总结出设计和优化栅控电子枪的方法,并予以实例来说明。本文对带状注电子枪的分析主要研究带状电子注的形成,聚焦以及传输问题。文中采用椭圆形发射面生成带状电子注,利用wiggler磁场来对产生出的带状电子注进行聚焦,重点研究带凹槽结构的wiggler磁场对带状电子注的聚焦影响。对比了带凹槽与不带凹槽wiggler磁场结构对带状电子注聚焦性能的影响,并分析了不同尺寸结构的凹槽的中心磁场值,得出设计凹槽合理尺寸的方法。本文还提出阶梯凹槽创新性结构,分析阶梯凹槽对带状电子注的聚焦与传输性能,结果显示阶梯凹槽相比均匀凹槽能够对带状电子注进行再聚焦,延长传输距离。文中最后建立了栅控带状注电子枪模型并进行仿真,研究发现加栅之后的带状电子注在窄平面的波动受到很大影响,注半径明显增大。在对磁场结构进行简单优化之后,使得窄平面内的电子轨迹包络得到改善。
[Abstract]:Microwave electronics has been sought after since its birth. After more than 100 years' development, a perfect theoretical system has been established, and microwave and electric vacuum devices have become the core of modern communication system. As an important part of microwave vacuum devices, the design of electron gun plays an important role in the efficiency of the whole tube. With the continuous development of technology, from the earliest Pierce electron gun as the starting point, various kinds of electron gun emerge in endlessly, the appearance of new electron gun makes microwave tube can satisfy high frequency, high power, high efficiency, high gain, miniaturization. Quick response time, etc. Grid electron gun and ribbon electron gun emerge as the times require, as a research hotspot, its design work also appears to be meaningful, but the design of grid controlled electron gun and band electron gun still need to be improved. In this paper, the design of the grid-controlled electron gun and the belt beam electron gun are studied. The influence of the structure change of the gate controlled electron gun on the performance is analyzed. The structure transformation of the focusing pole and anode is analyzed and compared with the structure of the non-grid model. The sensitivity of the electron gun performance to the change of the focusing electrode and anode structure after the addition of the grid is obtained. The special grid structure of the gate-controlled electron gun is mainly studied, and the influence of the grid position, the grid thickness and the grid wire setting on the performance of the gate-controlled electron gun is analyzed. The results show that the gate-controlled electron gun is most sensitive to the grid position, and the influence of the change of the focusing pole and anode structure on the performance of the gun is weakened after adding the grid, and the sensitivity of the anode structure is slightly higher than that of the anode structure. The influence degree of the outer grating wire is higher than that of the inner gate wire, and the smaller the number of the gate wire layer, the greater the range. Based on the conclusions of sensitivity analysis, this paper summarizes the method of designing and optimizing the gate controlled electron gun, and gives an example to illustrate it. In this paper, the formation, focusing and transmission of banded electron beam are studied. In this paper, the elliptical emission surface is used to generate the band electron beam, and the wiggler magnetic field is used to focus the band electron beam. The effect of the wiggler magnetic field with groove structure on the band electron beam is studied. The effects of wiggler magnetic field structure with and without grooves on the focusing properties of strip electron beam are compared. The central magnetic field values of grooves with different sizes are analyzed, and the method to design the reasonable size of grooves is obtained. The innovative structure of the ladder groove is also proposed. The focusing and transmission performance of the ladder groove to the band electron beam is analyzed. The results show that the ladder groove can refocus the band electron beam and prolong the transmission distance compared with the uniform groove. Finally, a grid-controlled beam gun model is established and simulated. It is found that the fluctuation of the band beam in the narrow plane is greatly affected and the beam radius is obviously increased. After simple optimization of magnetic field structure, the envelope of electron trajectory in narrow plane is improved.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN105
本文编号：2333020
[Abstract]:Microwave electronics has been sought after since its birth. After more than 100 years' development, a perfect theoretical system has been established, and microwave and electric vacuum devices have become the core of modern communication system. As an important part of microwave vacuum devices, the design of electron gun plays an important role in the efficiency of the whole tube. With the continuous development of technology, from the earliest Pierce electron gun as the starting point, various kinds of electron gun emerge in endlessly, the appearance of new electron gun makes microwave tube can satisfy high frequency, high power, high efficiency, high gain, miniaturization. Quick response time, etc. Grid electron gun and ribbon electron gun emerge as the times require, as a research hotspot, its design work also appears to be meaningful, but the design of grid controlled electron gun and band electron gun still need to be improved. In this paper, the design of the grid-controlled electron gun and the belt beam electron gun are studied. The influence of the structure change of the gate controlled electron gun on the performance is analyzed. The structure transformation of the focusing pole and anode is analyzed and compared with the structure of the non-grid model. The sensitivity of the electron gun performance to the change of the focusing electrode and anode structure after the addition of the grid is obtained. The special grid structure of the gate-controlled electron gun is mainly studied, and the influence of the grid position, the grid thickness and the grid wire setting on the performance of the gate-controlled electron gun is analyzed. The results show that the gate-controlled electron gun is most sensitive to the grid position, and the influence of the change of the focusing pole and anode structure on the performance of the gun is weakened after adding the grid, and the sensitivity of the anode structure is slightly higher than that of the anode structure. The influence degree of the outer grating wire is higher than that of the inner gate wire, and the smaller the number of the gate wire layer, the greater the range. Based on the conclusions of sensitivity analysis, this paper summarizes the method of designing and optimizing the gate controlled electron gun, and gives an example to illustrate it. In this paper, the formation, focusing and transmission of banded electron beam are studied. In this paper, the elliptical emission surface is used to generate the band electron beam, and the wiggler magnetic field is used to focus the band electron beam. The effect of the wiggler magnetic field with groove structure on the band electron beam is studied. The effects of wiggler magnetic field structure with and without grooves on the focusing properties of strip electron beam are compared. The central magnetic field values of grooves with different sizes are analyzed, and the method to design the reasonable size of grooves is obtained. The innovative structure of the ladder groove is also proposed. The focusing and transmission performance of the ladder groove to the band electron beam is analyzed. The results show that the ladder groove can refocus the band electron beam and prolong the transmission distance compared with the uniform groove. Finally, a grid-controlled beam gun model is established and simulated. It is found that the fluctuation of the band beam in the narrow plane is greatly affected and the beam radius is obviously increased. After simple optimization of magnetic field structure, the envelope of electron trajectory in narrow plane is improved.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN105
【参考文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 丁雪进;行波管谐波注入技术研究[D];电子科技大学;2009年
，本文编号：2333020
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