三相四线制并联型有源电力滤波器数字控制器的设计与优化

发布时间：2019-01-01 08:25

【摘要】：电力系统中的谐波问题受到广泛关注,谐波的存在会使电能在生产和传输的过程中利用率降低,使系统中电力设备发热、振动并产生噪音,导致其绝缘老化,设备生命周期缩短,严重则可能引发故障或烧毁,还会严重的干扰电力系统外部的设备,因此谐波的治理具有重要的意义。有源电力滤波器(APF,active power filter)能动态地补偿谐波和矫正功率因数,被认为是解决该问题的最有效手段。本文主要研究的是三相四线制并联型有源电力滤波器数字控制器的设计与优化,文中所做的工作主要为以下方面,第一,回顾了三相四线制并联型有源电力滤波器的控制器设计的主要内容。分析了其主功率拓扑并推导了基于同步旋转坐标系的电流环路、电压环路离散数学模型。分析并设计了一种基于同步旋转变换的负载谐波电流检测算法。分析并设计了一种适用于三相四线制并联型有源电力滤波器的简化3D-SVPWM算法,相比于传统的SVPWM算法,该算法极大缩减了运算过程,减轻运算负担;第二,具体分析了有源电力滤波器环路数字补偿器的设计方法,其中包括电流环路的单零点补偿器和单零点补偿器与重复控制器并联的复合补偿器、电压环路的单零点补偿器设计;在系统设计方面,在分析有源电力滤波器实验样机的硬件信号连接的基础上,提出了系统软件设计框架,即应用多线程、状态机等设计方法对系统整体性能进行优化;同时提出了一种基于EDMA的人机通讯方案,进一步优化数字控制器的整体性能;第三,具体分析了直流侧电压与补偿性能之间的关系,提出了有源电力滤波器直流侧电压的优化运行点、第二阶软启动的方法避免启动时的冲击电流以及修正电压环路的离散数学模型以抑制补偿器的6k次谐波,进一步提高补偿性能。最后,通过Simulink仿真以及实验样机上运行,验证了上述理论与设计的正确性。结果表明,所设计的数字控制器能够有效的利用系统资源,具有较好的补偿性能,针对于直流侧电压的优化设计可以在一定程度上进一步提高有源电力滤波器的性能。
[Abstract]:The harmonic problem in power system is paid more and more attention. The existence of harmonics will reduce the utilization ratio of electric energy in the process of production and transmission, make the power equipment in the system heat, vibrate and produce noise, and lead to the insulation aging. If the life cycle of equipment is shortened, it may cause failure or burn down seriously, and it will also seriously interfere with the external equipment of power system, so it is of great significance to treat harmonics. Active power filter (APF,active power filter), which can dynamically compensate harmonic and correct power factor, is considered to be the most effective method to solve this problem. This paper mainly studies the design and optimization of digital controller of three-phase four-wire shunt active power filter. The main work in this paper is as follows: first, The main contents of controller design of three-phase four-wire shunt active power filter are reviewed. The main power topology is analyzed and the discrete mathematical models of current loop and voltage loop based on synchronous rotating coordinate system are derived. A load harmonic current detection algorithm based on synchronous rotation transformation is analyzed and designed. A simplified 3D-SVPWM algorithm suitable for three-phase four-wire shunt active power filter is analyzed and designed. Compared with the traditional SVPWM algorithm, the algorithm greatly reduces the operation process and reduces the computational burden. Secondly, the design method of digital compensator of active power filter loop is analyzed in detail, including single zero compensator of current loop and compound compensator of single zero compensator in parallel with repetitive controller. Design of single zero compensator for voltage loop; In the aspect of system design, on the basis of analyzing the hardware signal connection of the experimental prototype of active power filter, a system software design framework is proposed, which is to optimize the overall performance of the system by means of multithreading, state machine and other design methods. At the same time, a human-computer communication scheme based on EDMA is proposed to further optimize the overall performance of the digital controller. Thirdly, the relationship between DC side voltage and compensation performance is analyzed, and the optimal operation point of DC side voltage of active power filter is proposed. The second order soft start method avoids the impulse current at startup and modifies the discrete mathematical model of the voltage loop to suppress the 6k harmonics of the compensator and further improve the compensation performance. Finally, the correctness of the theory and design is verified by Simulink simulation and experimental prototype operation. The results show that the designed digital controller can utilize system resources effectively and has better compensation performance. The optimization design of DC voltage can further improve the performance of active power filter to a certain extent.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM761;TN713.8

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