微波数字移相器的建模与设计

发布时间：2019-01-17 19:35

【摘要】：作为相控阵雷达中重要的相位控制器件,微波数字移相器在各领域广泛应用。而在传统的移相器设计中,无论是仿真还是调试,都需要做大量的重复性的工作,所以移相器设计效率亟需提高,以满足其日益增长的市场需求。若能充分利用现有的微波CAD(Computer Aided Design)建模仿真软件,在其已有功能的基础上制作一些适合移相器设计的专用插件,可以有效缩短设计周期、减少设计人员工作量。本课题即是基于上述指导思想而提出。本文主要研究内容如下:引入研究对象微波数字移相器,学习了数字移相器的理论知识,包括分类,技术指标,以及基本移相电路的分析等,还给出了一些改进结构的分析,从根源上明确了移相器的工作原理,为建立更恰当的仿真模型奠定了理论基础。对数字移相器中的分立器件以及基本电路进行了总结,给出了移相器中主要分立器件的模型及仿真分析,包括二极管、金丝、玻珠和SMA接头、电容电感,并对一些关键参数进行了比较分析;给出了移相器设计过程中所需基本电路模型,包括二极管等效模型,偏置电路,几种基本类型移相电路等。其中,所有建模工作均基于二维仿真软件ADS(Advanced Design System)和三维仿真软件HFSS(High Frequency Structure Simulator)。利用ADS软件中的DesignGuide平台,为移相器设计中使用较多的的电路制作了可调用的Tab形式和Palette形式的插件,为设计者提供了方便,且减少了工作量;且几乎所有HFSS模型都以全参数的形式建立,可供其他设计者调取使用。在所建模型的基础上设计了L波段三位多层板移相器和Ku波段七位非色散陶瓷基片移相器,加工了单元移相器和多位移相器实物,并对各移相器进行了测试、分析和调试,结果验证了前期建模分析的准确性和可行性。其中,在设计级联电路之前,先加工出其中典型相位的单元电路的实物,经验证可行之后再进行整体的设计。在设计制作L波段三位多层板数字移相器之前,先加工了其中的45°单元,经测试后满足要求,说明建模仿真设计方案可行,随后才进行三位级联移相器的设计加工;在设计制作Ku波段七位非色散陶瓷基片移相器之前,先加工了开关线加载型的180°单元以及反射型的11.25°单元,随后才进行七位级联移相电路的设计加工。最终的测试结果均满足技术指标要求。
[Abstract]:As an important phase controller in phased array radar, microwave digital phase shifter is widely used in various fields. In the traditional phase shifter design, both simulation and debugging need to do a lot of repetitive work, so the efficiency of phase shifter design needs to be improved to meet its growing market demand. If we can make full use of the existing microwave CAD (Computer Aided Design) modeling and simulation software and make some special plug-ins suitable for the design of the phase shifter on the basis of its existing functions, we can effectively shorten the design period and reduce the workload of the designers. This subject is based on the above-mentioned guiding ideology and put forward. The main contents of this paper are as follows: introduce microwave digital phase shifter, study the theoretical knowledge of digital phase shifter, including classification, technical index, and analysis of basic phase-shifting circuit, and give some analysis of the improved structure. The working principle of the phase shifter is clarified from the source, which lays a theoretical foundation for the establishment of a more appropriate simulation model. The discrete devices and their basic circuits in digital phase shifter are summarized. The model and simulation analysis of the main discrete devices in the phase shifter are given, including diode, gold wire, glass bead and SMA connector, capacitive inductance, and so on. Some key parameters are compared and analyzed. The basic circuit models needed in the design of the phase shifter are given, including the equivalent diode model, the bias circuit, several basic types of phase-shifting circuits and so on. Among them, all modeling work is based on 2D simulation software ADS (Advanced Design System) and 3D simulation software HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator). By using the DesignGuide platform in ADS software, the paper makes the callable Tab and Palette plug-in for the design of the phase shifter, which provides convenience for the designer and reduces the workload. Almost all HFSS models are constructed in the form of full parameters, which can be used by other designers. On the basis of the model, the L-band three-bit multilayer phase shifter and the Ku band seven-bit non-dispersive ceramic substrate phase shifter are designed. The unit phase shifter and the multi-bit phase shifter are manufactured, and each phase shifter is tested, analyzed and debugged. The results verify the accuracy and feasibility of the previous modeling and analysis. Before the cascade circuit is designed, the typical phase of the cell circuit is processed first, and then the whole design is carried out after the feasibility of the circuit is verified. Before the design and manufacture of the L-band three-bit multilayer digital phase shifter, the 45 掳unit of the phase shifter was machined. After testing, it was proved that the design scheme of modeling and simulation was feasible, and then the three-bit cascade phase shifter was designed and processed. Before the design and fabrication of the seven-bit non-dispersive ceramic substrate phase shifter in Ku band, the 180 掳element loaded on the switch line and the 11.25 掳element of the reflective type are machined first, then the seven-bit cascade phase-shifting circuit is designed and machined. The final test results all meet the technical requirements.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN623

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