混合有源滤波器在低压谐波中的应用研究

发布时间：2019-05-28 15:40

【摘要】：电能已作为一种无形的“商品”,广泛地流通于工农业生产、人民生活等各个领域。对于“商品”,我们市场要求要达到一定的标准才能合格,即电能质量达标。然而,随着非线性电力电子器件的广泛使用,电力系统中出现了大量的谐波,谐波又进而使得系统电压和电流波形发生了畸变;与此同时,电能用户对电能质量的要求也越来越高;因此,解决谐波问题是使电能这个“商品”合格的必要条件。变频器因其体积小、重量轻、成本低及效率高等优点,在各生产领域中倍受青睐,特别是在风机类、水泵类、卷板机类等传动系统中广泛使用。它属于典型的电力电子非线性负载,虽然它有优良的调速性能和显著的节能效果,但随之产生的谐波也不容忽视。本文中所测的多变频调速恒压供水系统采用的是交-直-交变频器,其输入侧是三相桥式整流电路;在此回路中,输入电流的波形为矩形波,按傅立叶级数分解后,含有(6n±1)次谐波;因此,考虑以三相桥式整流电路作为该谐波源模型。同时,根据变频器谐波源特性,分析有源滤波器的拓扑结构,设计出并联混合有源滤波器,滤波系统由有源滤波器经耦合变压器串联无源滤波器接入系统。无源滤波器价格便宜,充分合理配置时,可降低有源滤波器的容量,即起到“粗调”的作用;有源滤波器改善无源滤波器的滤波特性,避免可能发生的串、并联谐振,即起着“细调”的作用;两者取长补短以达到最好的滤波效果。本文提出了滤波器参数多目标优化的问题,考虑了经济指标、谐波抑制效果、无功补偿等因素,综合实现参数多目标的优化。提出了用多目标粒子群优化算法的解决方案,给出了具体实现步骤和程序。在Matlab/Simulink中仿真分析表明,采用此算法求得的滤波器参数,在兼顾无功补偿、避免串并联谐振和保证滤波效果的同时,使得滤波装置初期费用小,以求得良好的经济性。
[Abstract]:As an invisible commodity, electric energy has been widely circulated in various fields such as industrial and agricultural production, people's life and so on. For "commodities", our market requires to meet certain standards in order to meet the standards, that is, power quality standards. However, with the wide use of nonlinear power electronic devices, a large number of harmonics appear in the power system, which in turn distorts the voltage and current waveforms of the system. At the same time, the requirements of power users for power quality are getting higher and higher. Therefore, solving harmonic problem is a necessary condition to make power as a "commodity" qualified. Frequency converter is popular in various production fields because of its small volume, light weight, low cost and high efficiency, especially in fan, pump, plate coiler and other transmission systems. It is a typical nonlinear load of power electronics. Although it has excellent speed regulation performance and remarkable energy saving effect, the harmonics can not be ignored. The multi-frequency speed regulation constant pressure water supply system measured in this paper adopts AC-DC-AC converter, and its input side is three-phase bridge rectifier circuit. In this circuit, the waveform of the input current is a rectangular wave, which is decomposed according to Fourier series and contains (6n 卤1) harmonics. Therefore, the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit is considered as the harmonic source model. At the same time, according to the characteristics of harmonic source of frequency converter, the topological structure of active power filter is analyzed, and the parallel hybrid active filter is designed. The filter system is connected to the system by coupling transformer series passive filter. The passive filter is cheap and can reduce the capacity of the active filter when it is fully and reasonably configured, that is to say, it can play the role of "rough tuning". Active power filter (APF) improves the filtering characteristics of passive filter, avoids the possible string and parallel resonance, that is to say, it plays the role of "fine tuning", and the two play the role of "fine tuning", and the two complement each other to achieve the best filtering effect. In this paper, the problem of multi-objective optimization of filter parameters is put forward, and the economic index, harmonic suppression effect, reactive power compensation and other factors are considered to realize the optimization of multi-objective parameters. The solution of multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed, and the concrete implementation steps and programs are given. The simulation analysis in Matlab/Simulink shows that the filter parameters obtained by this algorithm not only take into account reactive power compensation, avoid series-parallel resonance and ensure the filtering effect, but also make the initial cost of the filter device small in order to obtain good economy.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM761;TN713.8

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