宽带毫米波螺旋线慢波结构的研究

发布时间：2019-06-25 15:51

【摘要】：螺旋线慢波结构是使用最早的慢波结构之一,由于其十分宽的频带特性被广泛应用于宽频带行波管的设计中,具有宽频带、大功率、高效率以及高增益等特点,尤其可与固态放大器件和电子功率调谐器一起形成微波功率模块(MPM)或者毫米波功率模块(MMPM),被大量应用于雷达、航天、通信、电子对抗等领域。随着军事电子技术的发展,需要螺旋线行波管具有更宽的频带,更高的功率,更高的频率,更长的寿命以及更小的尺寸等特点,因此深入而详细地对螺旋线慢波结构进行研究具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。本文针对宽带毫米波螺旋线慢波结构进行了研究,主要工作如下:1.为了改善螺旋线慢波结构的色散特性,拓展工作带宽,基于色散成型技术,对慢波结构进行金属加载和脊加载,利用三维电磁仿真软件HFSS设计了工作在18-40GHz频段范围内的脊加载螺旋线慢波结构和工作在26.5~40GHz频段范围内的T形翼片加载的螺旋线慢波结构,详细地分析了高频结构尺寸参数的变化对高频特性的影响。进行尺寸优化,得到平坦的色散曲线和较高的耦合阻抗。2.对18~40GHz螺旋线行波管互作用系统进行了设计,采用脊加载螺旋线作为慢波结构,基于螺距跳变技术,采用2.5维大信号互作用程序对其进行注-波互作用的模拟计算。设置工作电压为9700V,工作电流为170mA,比较不同螺距跳变方案对注-波互作用的影响,结果表明:采用均匀螺距整管基波输出功率达到180W以上,电子效率大于11%,增益大于35dB,二次谐波小于-6dB;采用螺距跳变后基波输出功率和基波电子效率有较大提高。3.对26.5~40GHz MMPM用小型化行波管进行了设计,采用T形翼片加载的螺旋线作为慢波结构,采用2.5维大信号互作用程序考察了工作参数对注-波互作用特性的影响。设计了一种管长为70mm,输出功率大于55W,电子效率大于7%,增益在20dB左右的小型化行波管。经过进一步优化,管长缩短为60mm,电流变为90mA,输出功率大于54W,电子效率大于6.4%,增益大于20dB。
[Abstract]:Spiral slow wave structure is one of the earliest slow wave structures. Because of its very wide frequency band characteristics, it is widely used in the design of broadband traveling wave tube. It has the characteristics of wide band, high power, high efficiency and high gain. In particular, it can form microwave power module (MPM) or millimeter wave power module (MMPM), with solid state amplifier and electronic power tuner, which is widely used in radar, aerospace and communication. Electronic confrontation and other fields. With the development of military electronic technology, spiral traveling wave tube is needed to have the characteristics of wider frequency band, higher power, higher frequency, longer life and smaller size, so it is of great theoretical value and practical significance to study the helix slow wave structure in depth and detail. In this paper, the slow wave structure of broadband millimeter wave helix is studied. The main work is as follows: 1. In order to improve the dispersion characteristics of helix slow wave structure and expand the working bandwidth, metal loading and ridge loading of slow wave structure are carried out based on dispersion molding technology. The ridge loaded spiral slow wave structure working in 18-40GHz band and the spiral slow wave structure loaded by T wing in 26.5~40GHz band are designed by using 3D electromagnetic simulation software HFSS. The influence of the size parameters of the high frequency structure on the high frequency characteristics is analyzed in detail. The size is optimized and the flat dispersion curve and high coupling impedance are obtained. 2. The 18~40GHz spiral traveling wave tube interaction system is designed. The ridge loaded helix is used as the slow wave structure. Based on the pitch jump technology, the 2.5 dimensional large signal interaction program is used to simulate the beam-wave interaction. When the working voltage is 9700 V and the working current is 170 Ma, the effects of different pitch jump schemes on the beam-wave interaction are compared. the results show that the fundamental output power of the uniform pitch tube is more than 180 W, the electronic efficiency is more than 11%, the gain is more than 35 dB, and the second harmonic is less than-6 dB. The miniaturized traveling wave tube (TWT) is designed for 26.5~40GHz MMPM. The helix loaded with T-shaped wing is used as the slow wave structure, and the influence of working parameters on the beam-wave interaction characteristics is investigated by using the 2.5-dimensional large signal interaction program. A miniaturized traveling wave tube with a length of 70mm, an output power of more than 55W, an electronic efficiency of more than 7% and a gain of about 20dB is designed. After further optimization, the tube length is shortened to 60 mm, the current is 90 Ma, the output power is more than 54 W, the electronic efficiency is more than 6.4%, and the gain is more than 20 dB.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN105

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