基于FPGA的激光测距系统的算法的研究
发布时间：2019-06-26 17:01
【摘要】：随着科技的不断发展,现代社会对测距精度的要求越来越高,人们不断更新着测量的方法。本文研究的是基于FPGA的激光测距系统,激光测距是在激光技术不断发展的过程中产生的一种精密的测量技术,在军事上和民用上都得到有效地应用。本文研究了两种常用的激光测距的方法,脉冲激光测距和相位激光测距,通过比较各自的优缺点后,选择了脉冲式激光测距。在详细介绍了脉冲激光测距的基本原理后,把整个测距系统分成了发射模块、接收模块和信号数据处理模块三部分,然后对各个模块进行设计分析。首先,在发射模块中,由FPGA内部产生激励信号,激励驱动器驱动激光发射器发射激光。课题选用了专为激光测距应用开发的SPLLL系列激光发射器,EL7104作为SPLLL90的驱动芯片。其次,在接收模块中,研究了几种光电转换器件,分析了他们的优缺点后,选择了具有低噪声优势的PIN型光电二极管,又设计了前置放大电路进行噪声的滤除和主放大电路进行二次放大,再通过高速电压比较器得到计数器的终止信号。最后,在信号数据处理模块中,分析了时间间隔测量的误差来源,详细介绍了几种减少时间间隔测量误差的算法,结合系统的实际需求,采用以FPGA为核心的时间间隔测量的平台,利用延迟线内插法对时间进行测量。本文主要是对脉冲激光测距系统的信号数据处理单元进行详细分析,采用FPGA中的锁相环进行系统时钟的倍频,提高测量的精度。在完成整个系统的工作流程和各个模块的设计后,又对各个模块进行仿真测试,检测各个模块的性能,得到相关的测量数据,实验结果表明达到了预期的要求。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science and technology, the requirements of ranging accuracy are getting higher and higher in modern society, and people are constantly updating the measurement methods. In this paper, the laser ranging system based on FPGA is studied. Laser ranging is a precise measurement technology produced in the process of the continuous development of laser technology, which has been effectively applied in both military and civil applications. In this paper, two commonly used laser ranging methods, pulse laser ranging and phase laser ranging, are studied. After comparing their advantages and disadvantages, pulse laser ranging is selected. After introducing the basic principle of pulse laser ranging in detail, the whole ranging system is divided into three parts: transmitting module, receiving module and signal data processing module, and then each module is designed and analyzed. First of all, in the transmission module, the excitation signal is generated by the FPGA, and the excitation driver drives the laser emitter to emit the laser. In this paper, a series of SPLLL laser emitters specially developed for laser ranging applications are selected, and EL7104 is used as the driving chip of SPLLL90. Secondly, in the receiving module, several kinds of optoelectronic conversion devices are studied, their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, the PIN photodiode with low noise advantage is selected, the preamplifier circuit is designed to filter the noise and the main amplifier circuit is used for secondary amplification, and then the termination signal of the counter is obtained by high speed voltage comparator. Finally, in the signal data processing module, the error source of time interval measurement is analyzed, and several algorithms to reduce the time interval measurement error are introduced in detail. Combined with the actual requirements of the system, the time interval measurement platform with FPGA as the core is adopted, and the delay line interpolation method is used to measure the time. In this paper, the signal data processing unit of pulse laser ranging system is analyzed in detail, and the phase-locked loop in FPGA is used to double the frequency of the system clock to improve the accuracy of measurement. After completing the work flow of the whole system and the design of each module, the simulation test of each module is carried out, the performance of each module is tested, and the relevant measurement data are obtained. the experimental results show that the expected requirements are met.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN247
本文编号：2506330
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science and technology, the requirements of ranging accuracy are getting higher and higher in modern society, and people are constantly updating the measurement methods. In this paper, the laser ranging system based on FPGA is studied. Laser ranging is a precise measurement technology produced in the process of the continuous development of laser technology, which has been effectively applied in both military and civil applications. In this paper, two commonly used laser ranging methods, pulse laser ranging and phase laser ranging, are studied. After comparing their advantages and disadvantages, pulse laser ranging is selected. After introducing the basic principle of pulse laser ranging in detail, the whole ranging system is divided into three parts: transmitting module, receiving module and signal data processing module, and then each module is designed and analyzed. First of all, in the transmission module, the excitation signal is generated by the FPGA, and the excitation driver drives the laser emitter to emit the laser. In this paper, a series of SPLLL laser emitters specially developed for laser ranging applications are selected, and EL7104 is used as the driving chip of SPLLL90. Secondly, in the receiving module, several kinds of optoelectronic conversion devices are studied, their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, the PIN photodiode with low noise advantage is selected, the preamplifier circuit is designed to filter the noise and the main amplifier circuit is used for secondary amplification, and then the termination signal of the counter is obtained by high speed voltage comparator. Finally, in the signal data processing module, the error source of time interval measurement is analyzed, and several algorithms to reduce the time interval measurement error are introduced in detail. Combined with the actual requirements of the system, the time interval measurement platform with FPGA as the core is adopted, and the delay line interpolation method is used to measure the time. In this paper, the signal data processing unit of pulse laser ranging system is analyzed in detail, and the phase-locked loop in FPGA is used to double the frequency of the system clock to improve the accuracy of measurement. After completing the work flow of the whole system and the design of each module, the simulation test of each module is carried out, the performance of each module is tested, and the relevant measurement data are obtained. the experimental results show that the expected requirements are met.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN247
【参考文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 王振宇;长脉冲YAG激光治疗仪的研制[D];南方医科大学;2008年
，本文编号：2506330
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