岩体结构面几何参数获取的数字化方法及三维网络模型研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 10:30

本文关键词：岩体结构面几何参数获取的数字化方法及三维网络模型研究　出处：《南京理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高放废物地质处置场址的岩体结构面发育特征的系统研究尤为重要。采用人工现场接触测量、近景摄影测量、GPS-RTK技术等多种调查方法,获取了甘肃北山高放废物处置预选场址大量结构面信息。在此背景下,主要做了以下几方面工作与研究：(1)以甘肃北山芨芨槽块段测区野外调查数据,研究开发了岩体结构面几何特征参数获取的数字化方法。这一方法的应用基础为迹线三维模型,此模型实现了结构面信息的可视化。同时,编程实现了结构面迹长、产状、结构面间距及面密度参数的自动化计算。该方法提高了野外测量数据的统计效率,解决了野外测量中结构面间距及面密度数据难以大量获取的问题,并可广泛用于GPS-RTK、摄影测量、三维激光扫描等技术获取岩体结构面信息的后处理。(2)完成了研究区结构面迹长、间距及面密度参数的统计分析与研究。将数字化方法应用于芨芨槽块段测区,其岩体几何特征参数的统计结果显示：迹长服从对数正态分布；结构面间距及面密度均服从双参数负指数分布。同时,对面密度的估算方法进行了系统研究,利用实测数据验证了Mauldon估算方法的准确性并发现应用圆形或矩形测窗对最终估值影响很小。此外,基于数字化面密度统计方法并结合现场调查,研究并确定了芨芨槽场区断层、十月井断裂带对结构面密度的影响范围。(3)建立了研究区岩体结构面三维网络模型,并以差分进化算法对圆盘直径参数进行优化。通过数字测窗离散化模拟空间,以单个测窗面密度确定对应模拟空间的体密度来建立初始模型,其结构面圆盘圆心整体上呈非均匀分布。此后,借助差分进化算法以实测迹长参数为基准编程实现了圆盘直径参数的优化,优化效果显著。(4)基于优化三维网络模型进行了巷道开挖的块体识别研究。参考基于拓扑原理的块体搜索方法,通过简化封闭回路及封闭块体的搜索,编程实现了巷道面有限块体的识别。同时,对块体的几何形态、体积进行了统计分析,研究了组成块体的结构面产状分布情况,并据此判断主导块体形成的结构面分组。研究结果可为该区域巷道支护工程提供参考。
[Abstract]:It is very important to systematically study the development characteristics of rock mass structural plane at the geological disposal site of high-level radioactive waste. Many investigation methods such as artificial field contact survey, close range photogrammetry and GPS-RTK technique are adopted. A large amount of structural surface information of the high level radioactive waste disposal site in Beishan Gansu Province was obtained. Under this background, the following work and research were done mainly in the following aspects: 1) based on the field investigation data of the Bletilla striata trough section in Beishan, Gansu Province. A digital method for obtaining geometric characteristic parameters of rock mass structural plane is developed. The application of this method is based on 3D trace model, which realizes the visualization of structural plane information. At the same time. The automatic calculation of structural surface trace length, occurrence, structure plane spacing and surface density parameters is realized by programming, and the statistical efficiency of field measurement data is improved by this method. It can be widely used in GPS-RTK photogrammetry. Three-dimensional laser scanning and other techniques to obtain rock mass structure plane information post-processing. 2) completed the study area of structural surface trace length. The statistical analysis and study on the parameters of spacing and surface density. The digital method is applied to the measurement area of the striata striata trough segment. The statistical results of the geometric parameters of the rock mass show that the trace length is distributed from the logarithmic normal distribution; The spatial distance and density of the structure are distributed by two parameter negative exponents. At the same time, the method of estimating the density on the opposite side is studied systematically. The accuracy of the Mauldon estimation method is verified by the measured data, and it is found that the application of circular or rectangular window has little effect on the final estimation. In addition, based on the digital surface density statistics method and field survey. The influence of well fracture zone on the density of structural plane in October is studied and determined. A three-dimensional network model of rock mass structural plane in the study area is established. The diameter parameters of the disk are optimized by differential evolution algorithm. The initial model is established by discretization of simulation space by digital window, and the volume density of corresponding simulation space is determined by single window surface density. The center of the disk is distributed unevenly on the whole. After that, the optimization of the diameter parameters of the disk is realized by using the measured trace length parameter as the benchmark programming with the help of the differential evolution algorithm. Based on the optimized three-dimensional network model, the block identification of roadway excavation is studied. Referring to the block search method based on topology principle, the search of closed loop and closed block is simplified. At the same time, the geometric shape and volume of the block are statistically analyzed, and the occurrence and distribution of the structural surface of the block are studied. Based on this, the structural surface grouping formed by the dominant block is judged. The research results can be used as a reference for the roadway support engineering in this area.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU45

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