塔里木盆地和田古隆起构造演化及成因机制

发布时间：2018-01-25 02:05

本文关键词： 塔里木盆地和田古隆起构造演化成因机制　出处：《中国石油大学(北京)》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：和田古隆起是塔里木盆地油气勘探主要的接替区,论文通过野外露头、钻测井资料和地震剖面对和田古隆起及其邻区不整合结构样式和规模进行了分析;结合地层展布特征,利用旋回分析法研究了古隆起的隆升强度和迁移规律;借助古构造恢复技术,复原了古隆起发育区关键构造变革期古构造格局;并对和田古隆起形成机制进行了初步探讨。研究认为古生界不整合主要发育在塔西南坳陷,各不整合面具有叠合特征,自塔西南山前地区至巴楚隆起不整合发育强度减弱、叠合不整合程度逐渐减小,指示隆起区向坳陷区不整合样式的变化;中、新生界不整合主要发育在巴楚隆起及其周缘地区,巴楚隆起内部沿断裂构造带发育角度不整合,而巴楚隆起以南地区则以平行不整合、区域倾斜的低角度不整合为主,反映隆起构造的消亡。和田古隆起及其邻区寒武纪-奥陶纪剥蚀量呈逐渐增大特征,古隆起整体继承性发育,最大剥蚀区位于塔西南山前一带;志留-中泥盆世最大剥蚀区带位于塘古巴斯凹陷,古隆起范围向东迁移;晚泥盆世-二叠纪最大剥蚀位置迁移至巴楚隆起西段,指示和田古隆起开始塌陷;中-新生代剥蚀作用主要发育在巴楚隆起,与巴楚-麦盖提地区构造反转、和田古隆起彻底消亡有关。构造复原表明,和田古隆起是自前寒武纪基底就已存在的古隆起,可将其演化分为基底隆起阶段、早中寒武世同沉积隆起阶段、晚寒武世-奥陶纪继承发展阶段、志留-泥盆纪强烈隆升阶段、晚泥盆世-二叠纪初始消亡阶段、中-新生代消亡阶段;进一步研究显示加里东早、中期隆起高部位位于塔西南坳陷,为NW或NWW走向,海西早期鼻状凸起近EW走向,海西晚期和田古隆起开始埋藏消失,喜马拉雅期彻底消亡;大体上发育于早古生代的和田古隆起具有总体继承、挠曲迁移的特征,由早及晚隆起范围和隆起幅度逐渐增强。基底先存构造、盆地周缘构造事件、滑脱层和区域构造反转作用共同控制了和田古隆起的形成和演化。基底先存断裂控制古隆起发育在塔西南坳陷,呈NW或近EW向展布;昆仑洋和阿尔金洋洋盆闭合、板块碰撞和造山带隆升产生的挤压应力是古隆起形成的动力来源;中寒武统膏岩层系作为区域性滑脱层,调节了古隆起不同阶段的转向迁移和变形差异;区域构造反转作用以巴楚隆起南缘断裂为枢纽,促使古隆起在新生代埋藏消亡。
[Abstract]:Hetian ancient uplift is the main replacement area for oil and gas exploration in Tarim basin. The unconformity structure style and scale of Hetian ancient uplift and its adjacent area are analyzed by field outcrop drilling logging data and seismic profile. The uplift strength and migration law of the paleouplift are studied by cyclic analysis combined with the distribution characteristics of the strata. With the help of paleotectonics restoration technique, the paleotectonic pattern of the key tectonic transformation period in the paleouplift development area was restored. The formation mechanism of the Hetian paleouplift is discussed. It is considered that the Paleozoic unconformity mainly developed in the southwest of Tarim depression, and each unconformity mask has superposition characteristics. From the front of the Taxi Mountain to the Bachu uplift, the unconformity development intensity is weakened, and the superimposed unconformity degree decreases gradually, indicating the change of the unconformity pattern from the uplift to the depression. The Mesozoic unconformity mainly developed in and around the Bachu uplift. The angle of the Bachu uplift was unconformable along the fault structural belt and the south of the Bachu uplift was parallel unconformity. The low angle unconformity of regional tilt mainly reflects the disappearance of uplift structure. The denudation amount of Cambrian-Ordovician in Hetian ancient uplift and its adjacent area is gradually increasing, and the whole inheritance of paleouplift is developed. The maximum denudation area lies in the area in front of the south mountain of Taxi. The maximum denudation zone of Silurian Middle Devonian is located in Tangkuusi sag with the paleouplift moving eastward. The maximum denudation location of late Devonian to Permian moved to the western section of Bachu uplift, indicating that the Helutian ancient uplift began to collapse. The Meso-Cenozoic denudation was mainly developed in the Bachu uplift, which was related to the structural inversion in the Bachu-Maigeti area and the complete disappearance of the ancient uplift. Hetian ancient uplift is an ancient uplift that has existed since Precambrian basement, which can be divided into basement uplift stage, early middle Cambrian stage with sedimentary uplift stage, late Cambrian and Ordovician stage of inheritance and development. Silurian-Devonian uplift stage, late Devonian-Permian initial extinction stage, Mesozoic-Cenozoic extinction stage; Further study shows that the high position of Caledonian uplift is located in the southwest depression of Tarim, which is NW or NWW strike, the early Hercynian nose bulge is near EW strike, and the late Hercynian and Tantian uplift began to disappear. The Himalayan period completely disappeared; The Hetian paleouplift, which developed in early Paleozoic, has the characteristics of general inheritance and flexural migration, which is gradually enhanced by the range and amplitude of early and late uplift, basement preexisting structure, and tectonic events around the basin. The formation and evolution of the Hetian paleouplift were controlled by the detachment and regional tectonic inversion. The basement preexisting faults controlled the paleouplift to develop in the southwest depression of the Tarim Basin, and distributed in NW or near EW direction. The close of Kunlun ocean and Altun ocean basin, plate collision and compression stress caused by orogenic belt uplift are the power source of paleouplift. As a regional detachment, the gypsum strata of the Middle Cambrian regulate the shift migration and deformation difference in different stages of paleouplift. The regional tectonic inversion, with the southern margin of the Bachu uplift as the hub, led to the burial and extinction of the paleouplift in the Cenozoic.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(北京)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P618.13

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