双向锁定可控冲击矛的结构参数优化与分析

发布时间：2018-01-27 03:13

本文关键词： 气动冲击矛滞止压力锁定调节双向冲击运动仿真　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国的城市化进程正在逐步加快，可利用的土地资源日益紧张，将更多的管线铺设到城市地下，让城市交通、通讯的立体化成为未来城市建设的重要发展方向。传统的地下管线施工方法对地面上的交通和环境带来了极大的影响，同时，也给市民正常生活和工作带来许多的不便。与传统的地下管线施工方法相比，非开挖施工技术具有施工期短、适用性强、安全性好、对地面干扰小、综合成本低等优点，因此非开挖施工技术在我国的基础施工领域中被广泛使用，同时带来的是非开挖施工技术相关设备的大量研发。气动冲击矛法作为其中的一种施工技术方法，可以在不同地层的土体中快速成孔，且成孔质量较好，还可以根据工程的需要进行不同直径大小的扩孔。可控气动冲击矛具有运动的可控性，即可以实现自由的前进和后退功能。通过对比国内外气动冲击矛的配气方式和结构原理，研究和分析不同型号冲击矛的结构特点，再结合施工技术的要求，设计出双向锁定可控冲击矛，使其可以根据实际土体的弹塑性力学性质，通过调整气动冲击矛活塞运动的配气行程和气源压力，让冲击矛的冲击频率和冲击功与地层土体相匹配，，实现快速、有效的挤密钻进，同时还具有双向冲击运动的功能。为了保证冲击矛稳定可靠的工作状态，在冲击矛的结构设计中增加了锁定调节机构、浮动密封装置和分体式挤密钻头。根据气动冲击矛的配气方式和结构原理，以气体热力学和动力学理论为基础，运用Visual Basic语言设计并编写活塞运动仿真程序，利用程序研究和分析气动冲击矛内部活塞的动力特性，掌握活塞的运动规律，分析出内部冲击机构的主要设计参数。通过参数的优化配置与回归性分析，计算出最优的气动冲击矛结构尺寸以及冲击性能参数。运用有限元分析软件，对气动冲击矛的活塞和后接头进行静应力、应变、位移和安全系数的分析，校核活塞和后接头所选材料的强度是否满足挤密钻进的使用要求。
[Abstract]:China's urbanization process is gradually speeding up, available land resources are becoming increasingly tight, more pipelines will be laid to the city underground, so that urban traffic. The three-dimensional communication has become an important development direction of urban construction in the future. The traditional underground pipeline construction method has a great impact on the traffic and environment on the ground, at the same time. Compared with the traditional underground pipeline construction method, the non-excavation construction technology has the advantages of short construction period, strong applicability, good security and less interference to the ground. Because of the advantages of low cost, non-excavation construction technology has been widely used in the field of basic construction in China, and has brought a large number of research and development of non-excavation construction technology related equipment. As one of the construction techniques, the pneumatic impact spear method can quickly form holes in the soil of different strata, and the quality of the holes is better. The controllable pneumatic impingement spear has the controllability of motion, that is, it can realize the function of free forward and backward. By comparing the air distribution and structure principle of pneumatic impact spear at home and abroad, the structural characteristics of different types of impact spear are studied and analyzed, and combined with the requirements of construction technology, a bi-directional locking controllable impact spear is designed. According to the elastoplastic mechanical properties of the actual soil, by adjusting the valve stroke and air source pressure of the piston movement of the pneumatic impact spear, the impact frequency and the impact energy of the impact spear can be matched with the strata and soil, so that the speed can be achieved. In order to ensure the stable and reliable working state of the impact spear, the locking adjusting mechanism is added in the structural design of the impact spear. Floating seals and split compaction bits. According to the air distribution mode and structure principle of pneumatic impact spear, based on the theory of gas thermodynamics and dynamics, the simulation program of piston motion is designed and compiled by Visual Basic language. The dynamic characteristics of the internal piston of the pneumatic impingement spear are studied and analyzed by the program, the motion law of the piston is grasped, the main design parameters of the internal impact mechanism are analyzed, and the optimum configuration of the parameters and the regression analysis are carried out. The optimum structure size and impact performance parameters of pneumatic impact spear are calculated. The static stress, strain, displacement and safety factor of piston and rear joint of pneumatic impact spear are analyzed by using finite element analysis software. Check whether the strength of the material selected for piston and rear joint meets the requirements of squeeze drilling.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU62;P634.4

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