柴达木盆地东北缘早石炭世生物礁发育特征及成礁模式

发布时间：2018-01-28 21:43

本文关键词： 柴东北缘早石炭世生物礁成礁模式沉积环境　出处：《特种油气藏》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在野外踏勘及岩心观察的基础上,结合室内鉴定分析,首次对柴达木盆地东北缘早石炭世生物礁的发育特征、沉积环境及成礁模式进行了相关研究。结果表明:柴达木盆地东北缘早石炭世生物礁类型有珊瑚礁和海百合礁2种,主要造礁生物为四射珊瑚,发育有柱状、牛角状、锥状的单体珊瑚和短簇状、丛状、团块状的群体珊瑚两大类型;附礁生物主要包含腕足类、腹足类、苔藓虫、有孔虫、海百合等。通过对典型礁体的解剖分析,结合研究区当时的沉积环境及沉积相展布特征,初步反演出该区早石炭世生物礁的形成过程及其相应的生长条件,总结出柴东北缘地区生物礁的成礁模式主要是陆表海背景下的台地边缘斜坡点礁模式,该模式下礁体主要以坍塌的角砾灰岩为基础,礁体的生长和消亡对应着由浅变深的沉积序列。该研究对中国石炭纪生物礁的发育演化具有十分重要意义,对恢复柴达木盆地东北缘早炭世的古地理、古环境、油气勘探等方面有一定的指导作用。
[Abstract]:On the basis of field exploration and core observation combined with laboratory identification and analysis the development characteristics of early Carboniferous reefs in the northeastern margin of Qaidam Basin were first studied. The results show that there are two types of early Carboniferous reef in the northeastern margin of Qaidam Basin: coral reef and sea lily reef. There are two main types of corals: horny, conical, monosomic coral and short, clustered, mass coral; Reef organisms mainly include brachiopods, gastropods, bryophytes, foraminifera, sea lily, etc. Through the anatomical analysis of typical reef bodies, combined with the sedimentary environment and sedimentary facies distribution characteristics of the study area at that time. The formation process of the early Carboniferous reef and its corresponding growth conditions in this area are preliminarily reversed. It is concluded that the reef formation model of the reef in the northeastern margin of Qaihai area is mainly the slope reef model of the platform margin in the background of the surface sea. In this model, the reef is mainly based on collapsed breccia, and the growth and extinction of the reef correspond to the sedimentary sequence from shallow to deep. This study is of great significance to the development and evolution of the Carboniferous reef in China. It is helpful for the restoration of paleogeography, paleoenvironment and oil and gas exploration of the early Carboniferous in the northeastern margin of Qaidam Basin.
【作者单位】：中国石油大学(华东);
【基金】：中国地质科学院“柴达木盆地东部石炭系油气成藏条件与目标优选”子课题“柴东石炭纪沉积相与生储盖层特征研究”(12120115003301-03)
【分类号】：P618.13
【正文快照】： 0引言生物礁是碳酸盐岩分布区中由各种生物组成的一种特殊的原地沉积碳酸盐岩构造[1-2],因其孔隙与缝洞甚为发育且易白云岩化的特点,被看作是良好的油气储集体[3-6]。随着一系列高产海相油气区的逐渐发现,对生物礁研究的实际意义越来越被人们所关注。据统计,世界上一些主要的

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