高性能超声反射测井仪控制部分设计与实现

发布时间：2018-02-03 13:26

本文关键词： 超声测井井壁声幅成像固井质量检测 FPGA 逻辑控制　出处：《长江大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在石油开发过程中,利用超声反射测井方法可以直观地观察裸眼井井壁裂缝、孔洞的发育、井壁岩性,检查套管中射孔位置、腐蚀程度、套管变形,判断固井第一界面胶结质量。超声电视成像测井仪和固井质量检测仪就是基于超声反射测井技术发展而来的测井仪器。然而,随着油田勘探开发的不断深入,对这两类仪器提出了更高的要求,主要集中在：(1)改善在重泥浆环境下超声电视的成像质量；(2)降低仪器功耗,提高电路集成度,增强仪器的高温特性,适应小井眼测井和随钻测井的需要；(3)将两类仪器集成到同一系统中,实现同一仪器既可进行井壁超声成像,又可进行固井质量胶结评价,提高测井效率。因此,研究更高性能的测井仪器具有十分重要的工程意义。本文的主要工作就是针对以上需求设计实现高性能超声反射测井仪器的逻辑控制部分。论文根据新仪器的功能要求和技术指标,分析了两种仪器的工作模式和基本时序,归纳出两类仪器的三种基本工作时序；按照分级顺序控制的设计思路,提出了每周扫描帧触发、每物理激发接收的点触发和每个样本量化的采样触发的基本控制逻辑时序实现方案,根据此基本时序产生仪器各个单元模块所需要的控制信号,在此基础上,采用Actel的FPGA作为硬件平台,设计实现了基于FPGA的超声反射测井仪器控制逻辑模块。综上所述,文章的主要创新点在于：(1)针对重泥浆环境下超声电视成像测井成像效果差这一问题,设计了时变增益放大控制逻辑,解决了重泥浆条件下的电视成像问题；(2)基于子波激发的思想,设计了FPGA逻辑控制的基于CMOS开关超声子波发射电路,达到了低耗高效、性能稳定的要求,有利于相关处理,提取回波声幅信息；(3)实现将电视成像和固井质量检测两种仪器合二为一。实测和实验结果表明：控制逻辑模块结构合理、集成度高、可扩展性强、功率消耗低、高温条件下工作稳定,达到了预定的设计要求。因此,研究结果对超声反射测井仪的研发有实用参考价值。
[Abstract]:In the course of oil development, ultrasonic reflection logging method can be used to observe the borehole wall fractures, hole development, wall lithology, perforation location, corrosion degree and casing deformation. Ultrasonic television imaging logging tool and cementing quality detector are logging tools developed based on ultrasonic reflection logging technology. However, with the development of oil field exploration and development, the cementing quality of the first cementing interface is determined. Higher requirements are put forward for these two kinds of instruments, which mainly focus on 1) improving the imaging quality of ultrasonic television in heavy mud environment. (2) reducing the power consumption of the tool, improving the integration of the circuit, enhancing the high temperature characteristic of the instrument, and adapting to the needs of the small hole logging and the logging while drilling; 3) integrating two kinds of instruments into the same system, the same instrument can be used not only for ultrasonic imaging of borehole lining, but also for cementing quality evaluation, so as to improve logging efficiency. It is very important to study the high performance logging tool. The main work of this paper is to design and realize the logic control part of the high performance ultrasonic reflection logging tool according to the above requirements. Ability requirements and technical specifications. The working mode and basic time sequence of two kinds of instruments are analyzed, and three kinds of basic working time series of two kinds of instruments are summed up. According to the design idea of hierarchical sequential control, the basic control logic timing scheme of weekly scan frame trigger, point trigger per physical excitation received and sampling trigger per sample quantization is proposed. According to the basic time sequence, the control signals needed by each module of the instrument are generated. On this basis, the FPGA of Actel is used as the hardware platform. The control logic module of ultrasonic reflection logging tool based on FPGA is designed and implemented. The main innovation of this paper is that the control logic of time-varying gain amplification is designed to solve the problem of poor imaging effect of ultrasonic television imaging in heavy mud environment. The problem of television imaging under heavy mud condition is solved. 2) based on the idea of wavelet excitation, the ultrasonic wavelet emission circuit based on CMOS switch controlled by FPGA logic control is designed, which meets the requirements of low consumption, high efficiency, stable performance and good correlation processing. Extracting echo amplitude information; The experimental results show that the control logic module has reasonable structure, high integration, strong expansibility and low power consumption. The research results are of practical reference value for the research and development of ultrasonic reflection logging tool.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.83

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