四川省梓潼县地质灾害危险性评价与防治对策

发布时间：2018-02-05 01:54

本文关键词： 梓潼县地质灾害危险性评价层次分析法模糊综合评判法　出处：《西南科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文通过野外地质灾害调查与室内综合研究,分析总结了梓潼县地质灾害发育的自然地理与地质环境条件,阐明了地质灾害的类型、特征及分布规律。在分析各类地质灾害形成条件及影响因素的基础上,确定了地层岩性、相对高差、坡度、距灾点距离、距水系距离、距道路距离作为此次危险性评价研究的评价因子;建立了评价指标体系。利用GIS技术对各评价因子的数据图层进行统一处理,以便于评价因子的叠置分析。基于Arc Map10.0的Arc Info平台,利用Arc Toolbox中的空间分析工具的“欧氏距离”分析模块提取距灾点距离、距水系距离、距道路距离的指标值,在梓潼县DEM的基础上对坡度、相对高差的指标值进行提取,而地层岩性的指标值则是由梓潼县地质图矢量化后,转换成栅格数据图层。根据有关规范和标准,结合梓潼县的地理环境、地质环境特点以及已发生灾害点的分布特征等实际情况,将研究区的地质灾害危险性按照高、中、低三个等级划分,并确定了评价指标的分级标准。利用层次分析法确定了各评价因子的权重。采用AHP法和模糊综合评判法分别对梓潼全境地质灾害进行危险性评价,得出两种方法的危险性等级分区图,用已发生灾点来对评价结果进行验证,并对两者进行对比分析,发现模糊综合评判法更加精确、更加科学。同时结合研究区实际情况,制定出合理的防治对策。
[Abstract]:Through field geological hazard investigation and indoor comprehensive research, this paper analyzes and summarizes the natural geography and geological environment conditions of geological disaster development in Zitong County, and expounds the types of geological hazard. On the basis of analyzing the forming conditions and influencing factors of various geological disasters, the formation lithology, relative height difference, slope, distance from disaster point and distance from water system are determined. Distance from the road is the evaluation factor of the risk assessment study. The evaluation index system is established and the data layer of each evaluation factor is processed uniformly by using GIS technology. In order to facilitate the overlay analysis of evaluation factors. Arc Info platform based on Arc Map10.0. Using the "Euclidean distance" analysis module of the spatial analysis tool in Arc Toolbox to extract the index value of distance from disaster point, distance from water system and distance from road. On the basis of DEM in Zitong County, the index value of slope and relative height difference is extracted, while the index value of stratigraphic lithology is vectorized by geological map of Zitong County. According to the relevant norms and standards, combined with the geographical environment, geological environment characteristics and the distribution characteristics of disaster sites in Zitong County, etc. The geological hazard of the study area is divided into three grades: high, middle and low. The classification standard of evaluation index is determined, the weight of each evaluation factor is determined by AHP, and the risk assessment of geological hazard in Zitong is carried out by using AHP method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method respectively. The hazard level zoning map of the two methods is obtained, and the evaluation results are verified by the occurrence disaster points, and the results are compared and analyzed. It is found that the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is more accurate. More scientific. At the same time combined with the actual situation in the research area, to formulate reasonable prevention and control countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P694

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