三维图像建模在古地震探槽研究中的应用

发布时间：2018-02-07 14:16

本文关键词： 古地震探槽基于图像建模正射镶嵌三维图像模型　出处：《地震地质》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：探槽揭露的地质构造信息十分珍贵,是正确认识断层活动性和古地震信息的关键资料,但是探槽本身无法长久妥善保存,因此完整精确地记录探槽揭露的地质构造信息一直受到人们的重视。传统的探槽记录方法主要有素描和照片拼接2种,但前者缺乏色彩信息且包含过多主观解释内容;后者在照片几何拼接过程中会出现接边、畸变等问题。文中以甘肃省天桥沟-黄羊川断裂的柳条河探槽为例,介绍1种完整记录探槽高精度的三维地质构造信息的技术方法和工作流程。该方法基于三维图像建模和正射镶嵌技术,首先在野外对清理好的探槽建立控制点或比例尺,用数码相机采集探槽所有剖面及周边微地貌照片,然后在室内用图像建模软件进行探槽的三维图像建模,最后生成探槽的三维图像模型及其剖面的正射镶嵌图。结果表明:探槽的三维图像建模既可以实现高分辨率正射照片镶嵌的自动化,又可以高效、低成本地获得高精度的探槽三维图像模型,不仅有利于探槽信息的存储,更可以直观地获取更多地质构造三维信息。
[Abstract]:The geological structure information revealed by the trench is very valuable and is the key data for correctly understanding fault activity and paleoseismic information, but the trough itself cannot be properly preserved for a long time. Therefore, people always pay attention to the complete and accurate recording of geological structure information exposed by the trench. There are two kinds of traditional methods of trench recording: sketch and photo stitching, but the former lacks color information and contains too much subjective interpretation. In this paper, the wicker channel of Tianqiao Gou-Huangyangchuan fault in Gansu Province is taken as an example. This paper introduces a technical method and workflow for complete recording of 3-D geological structure information with high accuracy of grooves. Based on 3D image modeling and forward projecting mosaic technology, a control point or scale is established in the field for cleaned grooves. The digital camera is used to collect all the profiles of the grooves and the microgeomorphology around the grooves, and then the 3D images of the grooves are modeled using the image modeling software in the room. Finally, 3D image models of grooves and forward mosaics of sections are generated. The results show that 3D image modeling of grooves can not only realize automation of high-resolution orthophoto mosaic, but also be efficient. It is not only beneficial to store the information of the grooves but also to obtain more 3D information of geological structure intuitively to obtain high precision 3D image model of grooves at low cost.
【作者单位】：中国地震局地质研究所活动构造与火山重点实验室;
【基金】：中国地震局地震行业科研专项(201408023)资助
【分类号】：P315

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