从地槽—地台说、板块构造说到地球系统多圈层构造观

发布时间：2018-02-28 15:32

本文关键词： 地槽—地台说板块构造地球系统多圈层构造观中—新生代中国大地构造　出处：《地质论评》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：从19世纪中叶开始,大地构造理论经历了从地槽—地台说到板块构造说的发展过程。目前,板块构造说虽然仍在盛行,但一个新的大地构造理论——地球系统多圈层构造观(简称多圈层构造观)已在形成中。地槽—地台说,19世纪中叶提出,盛行于20世纪上半叶,是地质学家从理论上研究地壳构造及其演化的开始。地槽—地台说使用的方法是传统的地质学方法;研究领域是大陆地壳,褶皱带(造山带)和克拉通是其研究的核心内容。地槽—地台说大大推动了地质科学的发展,并为地球科学的进一步发展,奠定了良好的基础。板块构造说,起始于20世纪60年代。板块构造使用的方法,除地质学外,加上了地球物理学和地球化学等现代科学和技术手段;研究领域是全球大陆和海洋的岩石圈。板块构造说使大地构造学的研究范围从地球表层扩展到地球内部,从大陆扩展到海洋,极大地推动了地球科学向更高的层次发展。目前,板块构造说虽然仍在盛行,但是不足和缺陷已日益显露出来。地球系统多圈层构造观,孕育于20世纪80年代晚期,目前正在发展中。地球系统多圈层构造观使用的方法更现代化,包括地质学、地球物理学、地球化学以及一切探测地球深部和外层空间的方法、手段;研究领域,已不仅仅是地球表层的地壳或岩石圈,而是地球整体,地球各圈层的相互作用。我们相信,21世纪必将是地球系统多圈层构造观不断发展、不断完善的时代。中国及邻区中、新生代构造演化是全球研究多圈层构造的最理想的切入点之一。我们期待中国地学工作者在新一轮大地构造理论创新中发挥应有的作用。
[Abstract]:Since the middle of 19th century, geotectonic theory has undergone the development from geosynclinic-platform to plate tectonics. But a new theory of geotectonics, the multi-ring tectonic view of the earth system, is in the process of being formed. The geosyncline-platform theory was put forward in the middle of the 19th century and prevailed in the first half of 20th century. It is the beginning of geologists' theoretical study of crustal structures and their evolution. The geosyncline-platform theory uses traditional geological methods; the field of study is the continental crust. Fold belt (orogenic belt) and craton are the core of its research. Geosyncline-platform theory has greatly promoted the development of geoscience and laid a good foundation for the further development of geoscience. Plate tectonics began in 1960s. In addition to geology, modern scientific and technical means such as geophysics and geochemistry were added to the plate tectonics. The field of study is the lithosphere of the global continent and ocean. Plate tectonics extends the study of geotectonics from the surface to the interior of the earth and from the continent to the ocean, which greatly promotes the development of geoscience to a higher level. Although the theory of plate tectonics is still prevailing, its shortcomings and defects have become increasingly apparent. The concept of multi-layer tectonics in the earth system was conceived in the late 1980s. More modern methods, including geology, geophysics, geochemistry, and all methods and means of detecting the deep and outer space of the Earth; research fields, It is not only the crust or lithosphere on the surface of the earth, but also the interaction of the earth as a whole and the various layers of the earth. We believe that the 21st century is bound to be an era of continuous development and improvement of the concept of multi-layer tectonics of the earth's system. Cenozoic tectonic evolution is one of the most ideal cut-in points for global research on multi-layer tectonics. We expect Chinese geoscientists to play their due role in the new round of tectonic theory innovation.
【作者单位】：中国地质科学院地质研究所;
【基金】：中国地质调查项目(编号:DD20160343-01、DD20160343-02、12120115070301)的成果~~
【分类号】：P541

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