基于ArcGIS ModelBuilder的复杂地质体自动建模方法

发布时间：2018-02-28 18:30

本文关键词： 三维地质建模 ArcGIS ModelBuilder 复杂地质体自动建模　出处：《工程地质学报》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：与传统的二维(2D)地质绘图技术相比,三维地质建模技术能够更加直观、立体地展现地下岩层的结构和空间分布情况,在工程的规划、设计、施工和风险评估等过程都具有重要的应用价值。针对工程领域的建模对象往往涉及复杂地质体,为实现模型的自动构建,本文提出一种基ArcGIS ModelBuilder的复杂地质体自动建模方法。首先,在ArcGIS平台的支持下,以钻孔数据和地质剖面图为数据源,采用面向对象编程Python语言结合ArcPy包,通过编程实现钻孔数据的自动预处理;其次,组合ArcScan自动矢量化和SkechUp人机交互对地质剖面进行预处理,从中提取出断裂3D矢量线,将它们集中存储于GIS空间数据库;然后,利用ModelBuilder可视化建模工具,通过调用ArcToolbox的文件转换和空间分析工具分别生成地层的三维实体模型和断裂的三维表面模型,从而实现复杂地质体自动建模;进一步,通过矢量化切割、剖面和开挖多边形作为TIN拉伸扩展工具的输入,并结合ArcScene实现模型多种形式的可视化。最后,采用南京仙林地区三维地质调查项目获取的钻孔数据进行了建模实验,建模结果表明:该方法具有准确、快速和自动化的优势,可为大范围、大批量地质建模提供可靠的技术方案。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional 2D geological mapping technology, 3D geological modeling technology can show the structure and spatial distribution of underground strata more intuitively and stereoscopically, and can be used in engineering planning and design. The process of construction and risk assessment has important application value. The modeling object in engineering field often involves complex geological body, in order to realize the automatic construction of the model, This paper presents an automatic modeling method of complex geological bodies based on ArcGIS ModelBuilder. Firstly, with the support of ArcGIS platform and taking borehole data and geological profile as data sources, the paper adopts object-oriented Python language and ArcPy package. The automatic preprocessing of borehole data is realized by programming. Secondly, combining ArcScan automatic vectorization and SkechUp human-computer interaction to preprocess geological section, the fracture 3D vector lines are extracted from them, and they are stored in GIS spatial database. By using the ModelBuilder visual modeling tool, the 3D solid model of strata and the 3D surface model of fracture are generated by calling the file conversion and spatial analysis tools of ArcToolbox, respectively, so as to realize the automatic modeling of complex geological bodies. Through vectorization cutting, section and excavation polygon as the input of TIN extension tool, and combined with ArcScene to realize the visualization of various forms of the model. Finally, The modeling experiment is carried out by using the borehole data obtained from the 3D geological survey project in Xianlin area, Nanjing. The modeling results show that the method has the advantages of accuracy, rapidity and automation, and can be used in a wide range. Mass geological modeling provides reliable technical solutions.
【作者单位】：淮阴师范学院城市与环境学院;南京师范大学地理科学学院;
【分类号】：P628.3

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