苏南气田储层各向异性的偶极横波测井研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 07:18

本文选题：苏南气田　切入点：偶极横波测井　出处：《西南石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：苏南气田二叠系山西组地层各向异性明显,常规测井不能准确描述地层各向异性,有时导致常规测井解释结论与试油结果相矛盾。为分析储层各向异性的原因,确定地层最大、最小水平主应力方位,判断储层裂缝的发育程度、方位和有效性,本文结合工区地质构造和储层特征,根据偶极横波测井资料,利用Aflord分析法分离快慢横波波形,反演分析法提取快慢横波时差,并结合FMI成像测井资料分析苏南气田二叠系山西组储层各向异性,重点开展了五个方面的分析与研究工作：①影响偶极横波测井数据品质的主要因素分析；②偶极横波测井波形数据预处理方法；③快速高精度的三波时差(纵波、横波和斯通利波时差)提取技术研究；④快慢横波波形分离与快慢横波时差提取方法研究；⑤工区储层各向异性分析与应用研究。并获得以下研究成果和认识： (1)偶极横波测井数据品质易受到相位移动、频率、周波跳跃、噪声干扰、源距和间距的影响,为了消除这些影响,需要对波形数据开展增益控制、滤波及归一化处理等工作,并总结了能有效提高信噪比的波形预处理方法。 (2)采用变阂值首波检测方法及时间慢度相关法,快速且有效地提取高精度的三波时差。与GeoFrame软件提取结果对比,曲线形状重合度较高、幅值接近。 (3)通过对快慢横波波形分离及其时差提取方法研究,利用反演分析法大大降低了各向异性的计算误差,准确的计算出地层各向异性大小和方位。研究表明苏南气田山西组储层各向异性系数在11%-16%之间,各向异性较强。 (4)根据工区多井处理得到的各向异性大小和方位,结合FMI电成像资料,对工区山西组储层裂缝和地应力各向异性进行分析。工区地层最大水平主应力方位为N85°E,储层裂缝方位为近东西向,裂缝走向和最大水平主应力方向夹角小于45°,将有利于裂缝张开而形成有效裂缝。 (5)对比岩石力学实验测试结果,利用各向异性岩石力学模型计算TIV地层垂向和横向的杨氏模量和泊松比是切实可行的。由此,建立了基于3D各向异性的岩石力学参数计算模型。通过上述一系列的深入研究、软件编制及资料处理分析,形成了一套基于偶极横波测井资料提取三波时差、计算各向异性大小和方位、确定地层最大和最小水平主应力方位以及判断储层裂缝的发育程度、方位及有效性的方法与技术。
[Abstract]:The formation anisotropy of the Permian Shanxi formation in Sunan gas field is obvious, and the conventional logging can not accurately describe the formation anisotropy, which sometimes leads to the contradiction between the conventional log interpretation conclusion and the oil test result. In order to analyze the reason of reservoir anisotropy, it is determined that the formation is the largest. The minimum horizontal principal stress azimuth is used to judge the development degree, orientation and validity of reservoir fractures. According to dipole shear wave logging data and combined with geological structure and reservoir characteristics in the working area, the fast and slow S-wave waveforms are separated by Aflord method. The inversion analysis method is used to extract the fast and slow S-wave time difference, and the anisotropy of the Permian Shanxi formation reservoir in Sunan gas field is analyzed by combining with the FMI imaging logging data. The main factors affecting the data quality of dipole shear wave logging data are analyzed in five aspects. The data preprocessing method of dipole shear wave logging data is a fast and high precision three-wave time difference (P-wave). Research on the extraction technique of S-wave and Stonley Wave) the separation of fast and slow S-wave waveforms and the method of extracting the time-difference of fast-slow S-wave; the anisotropy analysis and application of reservoir in area No. 5. The following research results and understandings are obtained:. The dipole S-wave logging data quality is easily affected by phase shift, frequency, Zhou Bo jump, noise interference, source distance and spacing. In order to eliminate these effects, it is necessary to carry out gain control, filtering and normalization of waveform data. The waveform preprocessing method which can improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is summarized. (2) the method of first wave detection with variable threshold value and time-slowness correlation method are used to quickly and effectively extract the high-precision three-wave time difference. Compared with the result of GeoFrame software, the shape coincidence of the curve is high and the amplitude is close. 3) by studying the method of fast and slow S-wave wave separation and time difference extraction, the calculation error of anisotropy is greatly reduced by using inversion analysis method. The study shows that the anisotropy coefficient of Shanxi formation in Sunan gas field is between 11% and 16%, and the anisotropy is strong. According to the anisotropy and azimuth obtained by multi-well processing in the working area, combined with the FMI electrical imaging data, The reservoir fractures and in-situ stress anisotropy of Shanxi formation are analyzed. The maximum horizontal principal stress azimuth is N85 掳E, and the reservoir fracture orientation is nearly east-west. The angle between the fracture strike and the maximum horizontal principal stress direction is less than 45 掳, which will facilitate the crack to open and form an effective fracture. Compared with the experimental results of rock mechanics, it is feasible to calculate the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio in vertical and transverse directions of TIV strata by using anisotropic rock mechanics model. Therefore, a rock mechanics parameter calculation model based on 3D anisotropy is established. Through a series of in-depth research, software programming and data processing and analysis, a set of three wave moveout based on dipole shear wave logging data is formed to calculate the anisotropy and azimuth. The methods and techniques of determining the maximum and minimum horizontal principal stress azimuth of formation and judging the development degree, orientation and validity of reservoir fractures.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE311;P631.81

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