吐鲁番市高昌区浅层地下水补排系统演化与坎儿井流量衰减关系研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 21:21

本文选题：吐鲁番市　切入点：坎儿井流量　出处：《新疆农业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以吐鲁番市高昌区的浅层地下水补排系统和坎儿井为研究对象,综合前人的研究成果、历史监测数据、现场调查和勘测成果等资料,运用GIS、PMWIN、GMS、SUFER等分析工具,研究了浅层地下水补排系统变化对坎儿井流量衰减的影响,并对坎儿井的出水量进行了预测,提出了基于坎儿井保护为约束条件的地下水合理开采量,获得了以下研究成果:(1)浅层地下水补排系统中,降雨入渗量略呈下降趋势,侧向补给量变化不大,河道渗漏量呈幂函数曲线减少,渠道渗漏量呈先增大后稳定再减少的趋势,井灌回归入渗量、库塘渗漏量和机井开采量均呈先增大后减小的趋势,潜水蒸发量和侧向排泄量都在逐渐减少。(2)坎儿井流量主要受河道渗漏量、渠道渗漏量、机井开采量的影响,影响程度从大到小依次为:机井开采量、河道渗漏量、渠道渗漏量。机井抽水量的增加及河道渗漏量的减少会引起坎儿井流量的减小。(3)机井开采量与坎儿井出水量基本呈线性关系,机井开采量越大,坎儿井出水量减少得越多。以2014年的机井开采量2.61×108m3为基准值,当开采量增加10%、20%、30%、40%、50%时,坎儿井出水量相应减少4.44%、7.31%、11.94%、16.03%、18.75%;当机井开采量减小10%、20%、30%、40%、50%时,坎儿井出水量相应增加2.11%、3.55%、5.05%、7.31%、8.07%。且机井开采量变化幅度相同时,坎儿井出水量变化不同。机井开采量增加时,坎儿井出水量衰减较快,机井开采量减少时,坎儿井出水量恢复很慢。即坎儿井出水量下降容易,恢复较难。(4)如果吐鲁番市高昌区的机井以2014年的2.61×108m3的开采量继续超采地下水,地下水位将持续下降,2030年坎儿井出水量仅剩3095×104m3,与2014年相比减少了24%;如果以2.04×108m3的可开采量开采地下水,至2030年,地下水位与2014年相比降幅不大,坎儿井出水量为4283×104m3,与2014年相比增加5%;如果以“三条红线”控制指标开采地下水,即2020年和2030年吐鲁番市高昌区地下水开采量限制指标分别为1.82×108m3、1.58×108m3,到2030年,地下水位与2014年相比大部分区域都在回升,且坎儿井出水量也在恢复,达到5360×104m3,与2014年相比增长31%。(5)若想保持吐鲁番市高昌区现阶段的坎儿井出水量不衰减,地下水合理开采量应保持在2.04×108m3左右;若想不断恢复吐鲁番市高昌区的坎儿井出水量,可按“三条红线”控制指标开采地下水,即逐步实现到2020年地下水开采量为1.82×108m3、2030年地下水开采量为1.58×108m3。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the shallow groundwater recharge and drainage system in Gaochang district of Turpan City as the research object, synthesizes the previous research results, historical monitoring data, field investigation and survey results, and applies the analysis tools such as GIS-PMWINGMSSUFER, etc. In this paper, the influence of the change of shallow groundwater recharge and drainage system on the flow attenuation of kale well is studied, and the water output of kale well is forecasted, and the reasonable exploitation rate of groundwater based on the protection of kale well is put forward. The following research results are obtained: (1) in the shallow groundwater recharge and drainage system, the rainfall infiltration shows a decreasing trend, the lateral recharge does not change much, the channel leakage decreases as a power function curve, and the channel leakage increases first and then steadily decreases. Well irrigation regress infiltration, the leakage of reservoir pond and the exploitation of machine well are both increasing first and then decreasing. The phreatic evaporation and lateral discharge are decreasing gradually.) the discharge of kale is mainly affected by the amount of channel leakage and the amount of channel leakage. The influence of drilling capacity is from large to small as follows: well exploitation, channel leakage, and so on. The increase of pumping capacity and the decrease of channel leakage will lead to the decrease of the flow rate of kale well.) there is a linear relationship between the production quantity of machine well and the water yield of kale well, and the larger the production rate of machine well is, The more the amount of water produced in the well decreases, the more. Taking the increase in production capacity of 2. 61 脳 10 ~ 8 m ~ 3 in 2014 as the reference value, and taking the increase in the production volume of the machine well at 10 ~ 10 ~ 20 ~ 30 ~ 30 ~ 40 ~ 40,50 and 50, the water output of the well will be reduced by 4.44 ~ 7.31 ~ 11.94 ~ 16.033.When the production volume of the well is reduced by 1020 ~ 20 ~ 30 ~ 30 ~ 40,50th, it will decrease by 18.750.When the production volume of the well decreases by 1020 ~ (30) and 30 ~ 40,50th, The amount of water produced in kale increases by 2.113.555.057.31and 8.07. when the range of oil recovery is the same, the variation of water output is different. With the increase of production capacity, the water output of kale decreases faster, and when the recovery of machine well decreases, the water output of the well decreases, and the recovery rate of the well decreases with the increase of the production capacity of the well, and with the increase of the production capacity of the well, the water output of the well decreases rapidly. The recovery of water output from kale well is very slow. That is, the water output of kale well is easy to decline, but it is difficult to recover.) if the machine well in Gaochang district of Turpan City continues to overexploit groundwater at 2.61 脳 10 ~ 8 m ~ 3 in 2014, The groundwater level will continue to fall, with only 3 095 脳 10 4 m 3 left in 2030, a decrease of 24% compared with 2014. If the groundwater level is mined at a rate of 2.04 脳 10 8 m 3, by 2030 the groundwater level will not decrease much compared with 2030. The water output of the well is 4 283 脳 10 4 m 3, which is 5 times higher than that of 2014. If the groundwater is exploited with the control index of "three red lines", that is, the limit index of groundwater exploitation in Gaochang district of Turpan on 2020 and 2030 is 1.82 脳 10 8 m 3 and 1.58 脳 10 8 m 3, respectively, and the limit index is 1.58 脳 10 8 m 3 by 2030. Compared with 2014, the groundwater level is rising in most areas, and the water output of the kale well is also recovering, reaching 5360 脳 104 m3, an increase of 31. 5% compared with 2014.) if you want to keep the current water output of the Kare well in Gaochang District of Turufan City unattenuated, The reasonable exploitation of groundwater should be kept at about 2.04 脳 10 ~ 8m ~ 3. If we want to recover the water from Kare well in Gaochang district of Turpan City, we can exploit the groundwater according to the "three red lines" control index. That is to say, the groundwater exploitation is 1.82 脳 108m3in 2020 and 1.58 脳 108m3in 2030.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P641.8

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