页岩气多属性分析与研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 02:33

本文选题：地震响应特征　切入点：“甜点”属性　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：页岩气作为一种新的非常规能源,其地震勘探方面的应用还很少。页岩气的地球物理响应特征体系还有待建立。因此,借鉴和学习西方的先进页岩气开发经验,能帮助我们完善具有我国地质特点的页岩气地球物理勘探开发体系。现有的常规方法属性提取方法很难描述页岩气的地震属性特征。因此,需对页岩气的各类参数进行调研和分析,开发研究出页岩气所特有的地震属性。本文建立简单的地质模型,借助数值模拟波动方程正演方法,探索页岩气的波组特征,分析不同的正演方法及频率对页岩气波场响应响应特征的影响。同时对正演得到的各类成果模型提取属性,探索出页岩气层的最敏感属性。然后应用实际数据对理论模型得到的结论加以验证。利用重庆J研究区的连井线,进行正演验证地质模型的结论。同时,提取与连井线剖面的各类属性,验证“甜点”属性是页岩层的最敏感属性。对比分析,探索出页岩气层的特有的敏感属性提取技术。利用实际地震数据通过多种波动方程为理论基础的方法进行正演,分别增加和减少参与模型的类型,探讨正演结果的变化规律:加入纵波速度模型和密度模型的完全纵波波动方程是最优的页岩气层的正演方法,兼顾精度与分辨率;采用30Hz的地震子波进行正演得到的正演剖面与原始地震剖面的同相轴对应最好,且契合页岩气在测井曲线上对应的低速度、高伽马和低密度值。应用地震属性提取技术,探讨页岩气“甜点”属性、频率衰减属性、地震相属性与常规属性的异同,分析比较不同的属性对页岩地层的敏感性,并且将“甜点”属性与真实测井数据向关联进行定量分析。研究出页岩地层有机碳含量与“甜点”反比关系与含气量和孔隙度的正比关系。本次研究对页岩气的正演及属性技术进行了探索,可为以后页岩气的研究提供一定的佐证。
[Abstract]:As a new unconventional energy source, shale gas is rarely used in seismic exploration. The geophysical response characteristic system of shale gas needs to be established. It can help us improve the geophysical exploration and development system of shale gas with geological characteristics in China. The existing conventional methods for attribute extraction are difficult to describe the seismic attributes of shale gas. It is necessary to investigate and analyze the various parameters of shale gas, and to develop and study the special seismic attributes of shale gas. In this paper, a simple geological model is established and the wave group characteristics of shale gas are explored by means of the forward modeling method of numerical simulation wave equation. The effects of different forward modeling methods and frequencies on the response characteristics of shale gas wave field are analyzed. The most sensitive attribute of shale gas reservoir is explored, and the conclusions of the theoretical model are verified by using the actual data. The conclusion of forward validation of the geological model is carried out by using the connecting well line in the J study area of Chongqing. At the same time, Extract all kinds of attributes of the profile and verify that the "dessert" attribute is the most sensitive attribute of shale. The special sensitive attribute extraction technique of shale gas reservoir is explored. The forward modeling method based on many wave equations is used to increase and reduce the types of models involved in the seismic data. The change law of forward modeling results is discussed: the complete P-wave wave equation with P-wave velocity model and density model is the optimal forward modeling method of shale gas reservoir, which takes into account the accuracy and resolution; The forward section obtained by forward modeling with 30 Hz seismic wavelet is best corresponding to the cophase axis of the original seismic section, and coincides with the low velocity, high gamma and low density values of shale gas in the log curve. The seismic attribute extraction technique is used. The differences and similarities between the attributes of shale gas "dessert", frequency attenuation, seismic facies and conventional attributes are discussed, and the sensitivity of different attributes to shale formation is analyzed and compared. The correlation between the "dessert" attribute and the real logging data is carried out quantitatively. The inverse relationship between the organic carbon content of shale formation and the "dessert" is found to be directly proportional to the gas content and porosity. The relationship between the content of organic carbon in shale formation and the porosity of shale gas is studied in this paper. Forward modeling and attribute technology are explored. It can provide some evidence for the study of shale gas in the future.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P618.13;P631.4

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