地下工程开挖硐顶塌落拱形态与地表沉降规律分析

发布时间：2018-03-09 23:36

本文选题：地下工程　切入点：塌落拱　出处：《合肥工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：地下工程开挖,尤其是城市地下空间开发利用,将引起地层沉降,硐顶形成塌落拱,地表建筑物受到不同程度破坏。为此,了解和掌握地下工程开挖硐顶塌落拱形态和地表沉降规律,对我国高速发展的地下工程建设具有重要的理论价值与工程指导意义。本文采用室内相似材料模型试验、理论分析、数值实验分析相结合的方法,对地下工程硐顶塌落拱三维形态演化规律和地表沉降规律展开研究。主要研究成果如下：(1)基于相似材料模型实验,对不同开挖顺序不同上覆地层厚度条件下的硐顶塌落拱形态的三维激光扫描图像进行了数据分析,得出塌落拱范围和拱高随开挖面面积的增大而增大。(2)通过FLAC3D有限差分软件对室内相似材料模型实验进行补充和完善,得出开挖硐顶上覆地层沉降形态成拱状,在开挖面正中心地表最终沉降值最大。利用等值超曲面重构硐顶塌落拱模型,分析了地下工程塌落拱上覆地层沉降规律,与相似实验吻合。对节点最终沉降量处理,得出地表沉降最大值随上覆地层厚度增大而减小,沉降影响区域(沉降槽宽度)随着上覆地层厚度增大而增大。(3)发明了一种地下工程开挖硐顶塌落拱形态三维激光扫描简易装置,可快速建立硐室三维空间形态模型,实现了在不接触不扰动工程实体的情况下,对硐室、巷道、容腔、采空区等进行空间形态三维激光扫描和工程变形量测与监控扫描,优化和减少了数据采集密度,操作简单,价格低廉,携带方便。
[Abstract]:The excavation of underground engineering, especially the exploitation and utilization of urban underground space, will cause ground subsidence, collapse arch on the top of the cave and destruction of surface buildings to varying degrees. It is of great theoretical value and engineering significance to understand and master the shape of caving arch and the law of ground subsidence in underground engineering excavation, which is of great theoretical value and engineering guidance for the high-speed development of underground engineering in China. Based on the numerical experimental analysis, the three dimensional morphological evolution law and the surface subsidence law of caving arch in underground engineering are studied. The main results are as follows: 1) based on the similar material model experiment, The 3D laser scanning images of caving arch with different excavation sequence and overlying stratum thickness are analyzed. It is concluded that the area and height of caving arch increase with the increase of excavated surface area. (2) the indoor similar material model experiment is supplemented and perfected by FLAC3D finite difference software, and the settlement of the overlying stratum on the top of the excavation is found to be arched. The final settlement value of the surface at the center of the excavated surface is the largest. By using the equivalent hypersurface reconstruction of the roof collapse arch model, the settlement law of the overlying stratum of the collapse arch of underground engineering is analyzed, which is consistent with the similar experiment, and the final settlement of the node is treated. It is concluded that the maximum surface subsidence decreases with the increase of overlying strata thickness. The settlement affected area (the width of settlement groove) increases with the thickness of the overlying stratum. A simple 3D laser scanning device for underground engineering excavation cavern collapse arch shape is invented, which can quickly establish the three-dimensional spatial shape model of the chamber. In the case of no contact with undisturbed engineering entity, 3D laser scanning of space morphology and monitoring and monitoring of engineering deformation are realized for chamber, roadway, cavity and goaf. The data acquisition density is optimized and reduced, and the operation is simple. Low price, easy to carry.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU94;TU433

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