滑坡监测系统数据采集与处理的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-03-13 05:27

本文选题：滑坡　切入点：小波　出处：《南京邮电大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：滑坡是地壳表层岩体的一种灾变地质现象,是一种在山地比较常见的地质灾害。滑坡灾害由于它的突发性,难以预防,不仅造成每年至少两百多亿元的经济损失,更会对人民的生命安全构成威胁。因此,开展滑坡监测研究,就能避免造成大的经济与安全的破坏,对我国社会主义建设具有十分重要的现实意义。本文首先研究了基于小波与小波包变换的信号去噪,重点分析了阈值法对信号噪声的处理,其中分别采用了小波软、硬阈值法和小波包软、硬阈值法对滑坡位移数据进行了去噪,从仿真结果分析得出给小波硬阈值法在处理低频数据时时效果最佳。其次以滑坡位移为分析数据,提出了通过小波变换模极大值识别滑坡阶段的变化的方法。滑坡阶段产生变化时,会出现突变点。以小波分析为工具,可以通过小波变换奇异性检测原理以及模极大值理论,寻找突变点,以确定滑坡阶段是否改变。最后通过数据仿真,准确地定位了新滩滑坡与卧龙寺滑坡的阶段变化点。考虑到滑坡危险性分析的不确定性、随机性和模糊性,应用模糊近似理论和最大隶属度的原则对滑坡危险性进行评判分析。选取影响危险性最大的4个因素用于模糊评判分析研究,并根据层次分析法来确定每个影响因素的权重,最后懫用模糊综合评判分析方法判断无锡横山寺的危险性.最后介绍了网络化滑坡监测系统的整体设计与实现,系统主要分为前端滑坡数据采集基站、无线通信GPRS传输模块、终端上位机数据监测中心三个部分。选用STM32作为数据采集基站的核心,通过各种测量传感器采集滑坡有效数据,并实现了前端界面显示、自动采集及存储等特点。为了实现远程通信,采用GPRS模块与前端相连,传输数据。监测中心程序由C#开发的用户界面模块和SQL2005开发的数据库模块组成,将接收到的数据信息传送到上位机的数据库保存,并借助用户界面对数据进行处理和查询的等功能。
[Abstract]:Landslide is a catastrophic geological phenomenon of the surface rock mass of the earth's crust, and it is a common geological disaster in mountainous areas. Because of its sudden occurrence, landslide disaster is difficult to prevent, which not only results in economic losses of at least 20 billion yuan per year. It will also pose a threat to the safety of people's lives. Therefore, the development of landslide monitoring research can avoid causing major economic and security damage. This paper first studies the signal denoising based on wavelet transform and wavelet packet transform, and analyzes the threshold method to deal with the signal noise. Hard threshold method and wavelet packet soft, hard threshold method are used to Denoise the landslide displacement data. From the analysis of the simulation results, it is concluded that the wavelet hard threshold method is the best in dealing with the low frequency data. Secondly, the landslide displacement is taken as the analysis data. In this paper, a method of identifying the change of landslide stage by wavelet transform modulus maximum is put forward. When the landslide stage changes, there will be abrupt changes. Using wavelet analysis as a tool, the singularity detection principle of wavelet transform and the modulus maximum theory can be adopted. In order to determine whether the landslide stage changes or not, the abrupt change points of Xintan landslide and Wolongsi landslide are accurately located by data simulation. Considering the uncertainty, randomness and fuzziness of landslide risk analysis, Applying the theory of fuzzy approximation and the principle of maximum membership degree, the landslide risk is evaluated and analyzed. Four factors which have the greatest influence on landslide risk are selected for fuzzy evaluation analysis and the weight of each factor is determined according to the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and analysis method is used to judge the danger of Hengshan Temple in Wuxi. Finally, the overall design and implementation of the network landslide monitoring system are introduced. The system is mainly divided into front-end landslide data acquisition base station and wireless communication GPRS transmission module. STM32 is selected as the core of the data acquisition base station, and the landslide effective data is collected through various measuring sensors, and the front end interface is displayed. In order to realize the remote communication, the GPRS module is used to connect with the front end and transmit the data. The monitoring center program consists of the user interface module developed by C # and the database module developed by SQL2005. The received data information is transferred to the database of the host computer to save, and the functions of processing and querying the data with the help of the user interface.
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.22

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