基于RS与GIS的单沟泥石流风险评价方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 04:49

本文选题：遥感　切入点：GIS　出处：《云南师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文基于遥感及GIS信息提取技术研究单沟泥石流风险评价方法。在前人研究的基础上,对单沟泥石流风险评价研究进行了理论体系创新研究。传统的研究认为风险性是危险性与易损性的乘积。本文认为单沟泥石流风险评价应包含对该泥石流在不同发生频率下的危险强度的评价,泥石流对承灾体的破坏程度的评价,以及估算造成的经济破坏损失,并且应将防治工程考虑到其中。因而,单沟泥石流的风险评价,首先评价其不同发生频率下的危险性,其次是评价泥石流不同危险强度下对承灾体的破坏损失,即承灾体破坏损失率。本研究采用遥感作为数据获取手段,GIS作为信息提取工具。运用GIS技术从DEM中提取参评因子,使用数值模拟方法,在matlab中建立数学模型模拟泥石流堆积的动态过程,并将结果导入GIS中,根据频率的不同进行危险性等级划分。在确立风险评价的理论思路下,确定评价危险性方法、破坏损失评价方法,以研究泥石流不同危险等级下承灾体遭受的破损评价为基础,将防治工程考虑到风险评价中。本文以舟曲三眼峪泥石流堆积灾害为实例,以不同频率的泥石流危险范围数值模拟结果为参考,作出泥石流对承灾体的破坏损失程度评价,直接用于泥石流灾害的风险评价,并讨论了防治工程防灾减灾的效益,得出最终风险评价结果。
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on remote sensing and GIS information extraction technology, the risk assessment method of single gully debris flow is studied. The theoretical system innovation research on risk assessment of single gully debris flow is carried out. The traditional study holds that risk is the product of hazard and vulnerability. This paper holds that risk assessment of single gully debris flow should include different risk assessment of debris flow. Assessment of the risk intensity at the frequency of occurrence, The damage degree of debris flow to disaster bearing body and the economic damage loss caused by debris flow estimation should be taken into account in the prevention and control project. Therefore, the risk assessment of single gully debris flow firstly evaluates the risk under different occurrence frequency. Secondly, it evaluates the damage loss of debris flow to the disaster bearing body under different dangerous intensity, that is, the damage loss rate of the disaster bearing body. In this study, remote sensing is used as the data acquisition method and GIS is used as the information extraction tool. The evaluation factors are extracted from the DEM by GIS technology. By using numerical simulation method, a mathematical model is established in matlab to simulate the dynamic process of debris flow accumulation, and the results are introduced into GIS, and the risk grades are classified according to the different frequencies. The method of risk assessment and damage loss evaluation are determined, and the damage assessment of debris flow under different risk grades is studied. Taking the hazard of debris flow accumulation in Sanyanyu of Zhouqu as an example, taking the results of numerical simulation of debris flow hazard range of different frequencies as reference, the degree of damage and loss of debris flow to disaster bearing body is evaluated. It is directly used in the risk assessment of debris flow, and the benefit of prevention and control engineering is discussed, and the final risk evaluation result is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.23

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