煤矿采空区复垦土地探地雷达评价技术研究与应用

发布时间：2018-03-22 15:23

本文选题：探地雷达　切入点：复垦土壤　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：填埋式复垦常用于治理煤矿采空区的塌陷和开裂等问题。然而,对塌陷区、采空区复垦充填后,随着时间的推移,土体地层因地下水渗透、降水淋漓会发生自然沉降,导致地表出现凹陷、裂缝等问题,严重影响了复垦工程的有效性。土壤取样、开挖剖面、工程断面等传统评价复垦工程的方法存在探测范围窄,样本少,效率低等缺陷,探地雷达是应用高频电磁波的探测技术,能快速、无损地探测浅地表地层结构,是应用于复垦工程评价的有效探测技术。本课题基于山西省晋城市泽州县巴公镇西郜村原生土地和复垦土地的不均匀沉降、裂缝发育等问题,设计原生土地和复垦土地探地雷达探测实验,利用MALA型探地雷达探测原生土壤沉降区和复垦区的土体结构。针对实验区的探地雷达数据中存在的水平强轴、强干扰随机噪音和纵向分辨率低等难题,应用水平滤波、Curvelet变换阈值去噪等方法去除横向和随机噪音,应用预测反褶积方法提高纵向分辨率,结合常规探地雷达数据处理技术,处理得出信噪比较高的探地雷达数据处理结果。结合实际土壤取样、表层地貌特征等因素,综合解释探地雷达数据,分析得到了复垦地浅部地层的土体结构,得到了复垦覆土产生裂缝的情况与填埋物及覆土厚度相关等规律。应用探地雷达剖面区分不同类型的土壤地层、裂缝的分布特征等土体结构信息,能对复垦工程做出有效评价,发展了复垦区探地雷达数据处理技术和复垦评价的新技术。
[Abstract]:Landfill reclamation is often used to control the collapse and cracking of goaf in coal mine. However, in the subsidence area, after the reclamation and filling of the goaf, with time, the soil stratum will naturally settle because of the infiltration of groundwater, and the precipitation will be dripping. The problems such as sag and crack appear on the surface of the earth, which seriously affect the effectiveness of reclamation engineering. The traditional methods of soil sampling, excavation section, engineering section and so on have some defects, such as narrow detection range, small sample size and low efficiency, etc. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a high frequency electromagnetic wave detection technology, which can detect the formation structure of shallow surface quickly and nondestructive. This subject is based on the problems of uneven settlement and crack development of native land and reclaimed land in Bagong Town, Xigao Village, Zezhou County, Jincheng City, Shanxi Province. In this paper, the primary land and reclaimed land ground radar detection experiments are designed, and the soil structure in the primary soil subsidence area and the reclamation area is detected by using the MALA type ground penetrating radar. The horizontal strong axis of the ground penetrating radar data in the experimental area is discussed. In order to solve the problems of strong interference random noise and low longitudinal resolution, horizontal filtering and Curvelet transform threshold denoising methods are used to remove transverse and random noise, and predictive deconvolution method is applied to improve vertical resolution, combined with conventional ground penetrating radar data processing technology. The results of ground penetrating radar data processing with high SNR are obtained. Combined with actual soil sampling, surface geomorphologic characteristics and other factors, the soil structure of shallow stratum of reclaimed land is analyzed by comprehensively interpreting ground penetrating radar data. In this paper, the relationship between the formation of cracks in reclaimed soil and landfills and the thickness of overlying soil is obtained. By using GPR section to distinguish different types of soil strata, the distribution characteristics of cracks and other soil structure information, the effective evaluation of reclamation engineering can be made. The data processing technology of ground penetrating radar in reclamation area and the new technology of reclamation evaluation are developed.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P631.3;TD88

【参考文献】