塔里木盆地晚奥陶世构造-沉积环境与原型盆地演化

发布时间：2018-03-22 21:27

本文选题：构造-沉积环境　切入点：原型盆地　出处：《地学前缘》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：塔里木盆地晚奥陶世构造-沉积环境经历了快速而剧烈的变化,恢复该时期盆地原型有助于揭示盆地充填演化和盆山耦合。利用最新的钻井、地震及露头资料以沉积相为研究实体,将盆地充填与周缘构造演化相结合,由点→线→面进行分析,恢复了塔里木盆地晚奥陶世不同时期(以组为单位)的构造-沉积环境,并建立了相应的盆地充填演化和盆山耦合样式。吐木休克组沉积期,塔里木盆地西部发育淹没台地-深水台盆沉积体系,巴楚—塔中和塘南为暴露剥蚀区;良里塔格组沉积期,盆地西部发育开阔台地-深水台盆沉积体系,其中玉北东部—塘古巴斯碳酸盐岩台盆反转为浊流盆地;桑塔木组沉积期,盆地西部发育混积陆棚-浊流盆地沉积体系,仅在柯坪发育欠补偿沉积;铁热克阿瓦提组沉积期,盆地西部广大地区为暴露剥蚀区,并发育碎屑滨岸-陆棚沉积体系。吐木休克组-桑塔木组沉积期,塔里木盆地东部持续发育深水浊流沉积体系;铁热克阿瓦提组沉积期,演变为碎屑陆棚沉积体系。研究认为塔里木盆地晚奥陶世在东西分异的台-盆格局基础上叠加了南北分异的隆-坳格局:吐木休克组沉积期,盆地西部差异升降显著,南北向隆-坳相间的格局初步形成;良里塔格组-桑塔木组沉积期,盆地发生整体的沉降与充填,沉积格局由西厚东薄反转为东厚西薄;铁热克阿瓦提组沉积期,盆地南部和北部发生强烈隆升,古地理格局具南北陆中间海的特征,南北向隆-坳相间的格局定型。在塔里木地块与南部岛弧耦合作用不断加强的背景下,大量陆源碎屑的注入和盆内差异升降作用使得晚奥陶世构造-沉积环境发生了快速变迁。奥陶纪末,在南北双向挤压背景下,大规模的海退和盆内物源区的出现使得塔里木盆地结束了震旦纪以来碳酸盐岩大面积发育的历史,标志着盆地演化进入一个新的阶段。
[Abstract]:The late Ordovician tectonic-sedimentary environment in the Tarim Basin has undergone rapid and drastic changes. The restoration of the basin prototype during this period is helpful to reveal the basin filling evolution and basin-mountain coupling. Seismic and outcrop data take sedimentary facies as research entities, combining basin filling with peripheral tectonic evolution. 鈫扡ine. 鈫扵he tectonic-sedimentary environment of the late Ordovician in Tarim Basin has been restored, and the corresponding basin filling evolution and basin-mountain coupling pattern have been established. In the western part of Tarim Basin, submergence platform and deep water platform basin sedimentary system are developed, and Bachu-Tazhong and Tangnan are the exposed denudation areas, and in the sedimentary period of Lianglitag formation, the depositional system of open platform and deep water platform basin is developed in the western part of the basin. The sedimentary system of mixed continental shelf and turbidite basin developed in the western part of the basin, only in Keping, the sedimentary period of Tiereke Awati formation, the sedimentary period of Tiereke Awati formation, the sedimentary system of mixed continental shelf and turbid current basin developed in the western part of the basin. The western part of the basin is an exposed denudation area and developed a detrital shore-shelf sedimentary system. During the sedimentary period of Tumu shock formation and Santamu formation, Deepwater turbidite sedimentary system continued to develop in the eastern part of Tarim Basin, and the depositional period of Tierak Awati formation. It is considered that the late Ordovician superimposed the north-south differential uplift-depression pattern on the basis of the east-west differentiation of the Tai-basin pattern in the Tarim Basin: during the deposition period of the Tumu shock formation, the difference in the western part of the basin increased significantly. During the sedimentary period of Lianglitage-Santamu formation, the whole subsidence and filling occurred in the basin, and the sedimentary pattern was reversed from the west thick to the east thick to the east thick to the west thin, the depositional period of the Tierak Awati formation, the depositional period of the Tierek Awati formation, and the depositional period of the Tiereke Awati formation, A strong uplift occurred in the south and north of the basin, the paleogeographic pattern was characterized by the mid-sea between the North and the South, and the north-south uplift-depression pattern was shaped. In the context of the increasing coupling between the Tarim block and the southern island arc, The injection of a large amount of continental clastic and the differential rise and fall in the basin make the tectonic-sedimentary environment of the late Ordovician change rapidly. At the end of Ordovician, under the background of the bi-directional compression of the north and the south, The large-scale regression and the occurrence of the source area of the basin make the Tarim basin end the history of the large area development of carbonate rock since the Sinian, indicating that the evolution of the basin has entered a new stage.
【作者单位】：中国石油勘探开发研究院;中国地质大学(北京)能源学院;中国石油天然气勘探开发公司;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目(2011CB201101) 中国地质调查局地质调查项目(1212011220761) 国家重大科技专项(2016ZX05029)
【分类号】：P534.42

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