松辽盆地石炭—二叠系烃源岩评价与构造体系控源作用研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 14:34

本文选题：松辽盆地　切入点：石炭-二叠系　出处：《长江大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文依据石油地质学、油气地球化学及构造体系控油等理论,在对前人资料进行了搜集并总结的基础上,结合野外地质调查和典型井的岩心观察,首先对松辽盆地石炭-二叠系的烃源岩进行综合评价、建立油气地球化学剖面,然后开展构造体系控源、控油研究。松辽盆地呈菱形展布,长轴为北东向,长约750余公里,宽330-370余公里,面积约26万余平方公里；其基底主要是来自石炭系、二叠系的变质岩和花岗岩组成,构造上可划分为六个二级构造单元。盆地的石炭-二叠系整体的勘探程度不高,目前确定的是大约有60多口探井钻遇到二叠系。松辽盆地及邻区的石炭-二叠系的主要烃源岩分布面积较广,东部比西部的厚,研究区的四套烃源岩,主要集中分布的地区为德都-龙江、伊春-滨东、吉林中部等地区,厚度差别较大。在盆地的中心地带,石炭-二叠系烃源岩的有机碳含量高,有机碳值主要分布在0.4%-1.0%之间,部分地区大于1.0%,整体上评价为中等到好的烃源岩,而在那些盆地边缘的露头地区,有机碳含量较低,有机碳值均小于0.4%,部分地区小于0.2%,综合评价为差-中等的烃源岩,因此,盆地中心地带的烃源岩有机质丰度比边缘地区高；就有机质类型而言,盆地内有机质类型绝大部分为Ⅲ型,有机质类型在盆地腹部为Ⅱ型,少量为Ⅰ型,露头区以Ⅲ型为主,所以,盆地中心地带的烃源岩的类型要比盆地边缘的露头地区相比较而言要好；现如今的有机质成熟度普遍较高,Ro值分布在0.6%-3.4%之间,平均为2.23%,普遍进入高-过熟阶段,但是仍然可以视为有效的气源岩。晚古生代地层中发现的干沥青与该地区石炭-叠系生油岩饱和烃参数特征相似的结论表明,二叠系干沥青来自于石炭-二叠系的烃源岩。构造体系控制了盆地的形成与演化,从而决定了盆地的沉积特征,而沉积环境又控制着烃源岩的发育(质量与规模),按照源控论的观点,松辽盆地烃源岩的展布控制了油气的分布。由此可以看出,构造体系才是控源、控油的唯一因素,各个构造体系的成生、演化控制了松辽盆地的形成、发展以及油气的显示、分布。松辽盆地石炭-二叠系烃源岩等受到来自华夏系、新华夏系及纬向系的联合复合控制明显,盆地及外围地区发育有大量的基底断裂,NNE向及NE向断裂为控盆断裂,其次为EW向断裂,在基底断裂的控制下,晚古生代地层及沉积相带亦呈现出NNE向及EW向展布,从而使得盆地及外围地区发育的烃源岩展布方向与盆地轴向一致,呈现出NNE向及EW向展布,与此同时,油气资源的分布也呈现出NNE、EW向展布,以上构造体系的联合复合形成的反转构造对于油气的聚集非常有利,在压应力和扭应力下形成的反转构造与源岩生烃期近似同步,使得油气能够进入到由反转构造形成的圈闭内,松辽盆地南部的大量油气区均与反转构造有关。因此,松辽盆地及外围地区构造体系控源控油的研究对于盆地寻找油气具有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:On the basis of petroleum geology, oil and gas geochemistry and tectonic system control theory, in the previous data were collected and summarized on the basis of the observation of combination of field geological survey and typical wells cores, the first comprehensive evaluation of Carboniferous Permian in Songliao Basin, hydrocarbon source rocks, the establishment of oil gas geochemical profiles, and then carry out tectonic system control source, control study. Songliao basin shaped distribution, major axis of North East, about 750 kilometers wide, 330-370 kilometers, an area of about 26 square kilometers of the basal million; mainly from the Carboniferous Permian, two metamorphic rock and granite, the structure can be divided into six grade two the Permian basin tectonic unit. The Carboniferous exploration degree is not high overall, is currently identified about 60 wells drilled encountered. The distribution of Permian hydrocarbon source rock of Permian area of Songliao Basin and its adjacent area of Carboniferous Wider than in the west of the study area is thick, four sets of source rock, mainly concentrated in Germany - Longjiang, Yichun - Bindong, central Jilin and other regions, the thickness difference. In the center of the basin, the organic carbon content in Carboniferous Permian source rocks is high, the value of organic carbon distribution in 0.4%-1.0%, in some areas more than 1%, for the evaluation until the source rocks in the whole, and in the edge of the basin outcrop area, low organic carbon content and organic carbon values were less than 0.4%, less than 0.2% in some areas, comprehensive evaluation for poor medium source rocks, therefore, hydrocarbon source rocks the abundance of organic matter than the center of the basin edge area is high; the type of organic matter in the basin, the type of organic matter for the vast majority of type III, the type of organic matter type II in the basin, a small amount of type I and type III in outcrop area, so the center of the basin, the hydrocarbon source rocks The edge of the basin type than the outcrop area comparatively better; now the maturity of organic matter is generally high, the distribution of Ro value between 0.6%-3.4%, the average was 2.23%, generally in the high - over mature stage, but still can be regarded as effective source rocks. Late Paleozoic strata found in the area with dry asphalt the Carboniferous Permian source rocks saturated hydrocarbon parameters similar to the conclusions show that the Permian dry bitumen from Carboniferous Permian source rocks. Tectonic system controlled the formation and evolution of the basin, so as to determine the sedimentary characteristics and sedimentary environment of the basin, but also control the formation of hydrocarbon source rocks (quality and scale), in accordance with the source control theory, the distribution of hydrocarbon source rocks in Songliao Basin, the distribution of oil and gas control. It can be seen that the structural system is the only source control, control factors, various structural system generation, evolution controlled in Songliao Basin The formation, development and shows that oil and gas distribution in Songliao basin. Carboniferous Permian source rock from Cathaysian, combined to control the Neocathaysian and weft, basin and the periphery area developed large basement faults, NNE and NE faults for the basin controlling fault, followed by EW in the control of fracture, basement faults, stratigraphic and sedimentary facies of Late Paleozoic also presents NNE and EW distribution, which makes the development of the source rock distribution direction of basin and its peripheral area and basin axial consistent, showing NNE trending and EW trending, at the same time, the distribution of oil and gas resources is also showing NNE and the EW trending tectonic inversion combined with the formation of the above system for oil and gas accumulation is favorable, pressure should be in synchronous approximation inversion structure and hydrocarbon generation period force and torsion stress form, making oil and gas can enter by tectonic inversion A large number of oil and gas areas in the southern Songliao basin are all related to the inversion structure. Therefore, the study of source control and oil control in the Songliao Basin and its periphery is of guiding significance for finding oil and gas in the basin.

【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13

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