自适应波形多道匹配追踪断层识别技术

发布时间：2018-03-25 18:05

本文选题：多道匹配追踪　切入点：无原子库　出处：《石油地球物理勘探》2017年03期

【摘要】：相干体属性技术是识别断层的常见方法,但在应用中也会引起假象且损失有用信息。地震数据可表示成多组局部平面波(连续反射信息)与不连续信息及随机噪声之和,从地震数据中分离出连续反射信息则有利于刻画不连续地质信息。自适应波形多道匹配追踪断层识别技术以常规相干体及倾角属性技术为基础,首先通过相干扫描方式确定同相轴组数、各组同相轴两个方向的视倾角、到达时及延迟时等初始信息;然后建立目标函数,反演出各组连续同相轴波形,因不需预先设定原子库,故反演出的波形物理意义更明确,可视为多道匹配追踪技术。通过实际资料试验,所得连续反射数据体和压制了连续反射体的残差数据体都有助于识别断层,且残差数据体剔除了多组同相轴干涉引起的假象,更好地描述了同相轴扭曲的不连续的线状地质特征,比常规相干体能识别更多细节(如高角度断面波);在连续数据体上提取的相干体比在原始数据体上的更清晰、断层组合关系更合理且噪声更弱。
[Abstract]:Coherent volume attribute technology is a common method for fault identification, but it can also cause false appearance and loss of useful information in application. Seismic data can be expressed as the sum of multiple sets of local plane waves (continuous reflection information), discontinuous information and random noise. Separating continuous reflection information from seismic data is helpful to depict discontinuous geological information. Adaptive waveform multi-track matching tracking fault recognition technology is based on conventional coherent volume and obliquity attributes. First, the number of cophase axis groups is determined by means of coherent scanning, and the initial information such as apparent inclination angle, arrival time and delay time in both directions of each group of same phase axes are determined, and then the objective function is established to invert the wave forms of each group of successive phase axes. Because the atomic library does not need to be set in advance, the physical meaning of the waveform is more clear and can be regarded as a multi-channel matching tracing technique. Both the continuous reflection data volume and the residual data body which suppress the continuous reflection volume can help to identify faults, and the residual data bodies can eliminate the false images caused by multiple sets of cophase axial interference. A better description of the discontinuous linear geological characteristics of the concentric axis is obtained, and more detail (such as high angle cross-section wave) is identified than conventional coherence (e.g., the coherent volume extracted from the continuous data body is clearer than that on the original data body). The fault combination relation is more reasonable and the noise is weaker.
【作者单位】：中国石油东方地球物理公司;中国石油大港油田公司;中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所兰州油气资源研究中心;
【基金】：国家深地专项“超深层重磁电震勘探技术研究”之课题“超深层重磁电震配套技术集成及技术经济适用性评价”(2016YFC0601107)资助
【分类号】：P631.4

【相似文献】