济南市地下空间开发对泉水影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 10:19

本文选题：地下空间开发　切入点：指标体系　出处：《济南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在城市的现代化发展中,济南市面临了同其它大城市一样的问题——“城市综合症”,城区面积急剧扩张与土地资源供给不足,造成城市生存空间环境面临越来越大的压力。尽快进行地下空间开发利用是必然选择。科学合理、尊重自然规律的地下空间开发将对泉水不产生或者产生较小的影响,不科学地开发利用地下空间会破坏泉水的含水层和径流通道。本文在收集并研究济南市地质调查与工程建设资料的基础上,对自然地理条件、水文地质条件、工程地质条件进行分析,研究了地下第一空间、地下第二空间开发深度内的地质环境特征。遵循评价指标体系建立的基本步骤和指标选取原则,系统研究了地下空间开发对泉水影响评价指标体系。运用基于GIS平台的模糊综合评价法分别进行了研究区地下第一空间开发对泉水影响评价分区、地下第二空间开发对泉水影响评价分区。根据分区成果,提出相应的保护对策。研究成果对指导济南市科学合理、尊重自然规律的前提下进行地下空间开发与保护泉水具有借鉴意义。本论文主要结论如下:(1)分析研究了济南市地下空间开发地质环境特征。通过对研究区内搜集到的钻孔、水文等资料聚类汇总,结合本文研究地下空间开发深度,分别绘制了研究区第四系土层厚度等值线、岩浆岩顶面埋深等值线、石灰岩顶面埋深等值线,地下水位标高等值线、地下水位最小埋深等值线,并对济南泉群附近地下水的补给与径流进行了分析。结果表明研究区内第四系土层厚度整体上由南东向北西逐渐增大,岩浆岩体主要分布在研究区的北部、东北部及西北部地区。灰岩的埋置深度在石灰岩和岩浆岩体接触带两侧有很大差异。研究区不同时期地下水总体运动方向变化不大,地下水位最小埋深整体上具有由南东向北西逐渐减小的趋势,整体上与地形坡度保持一致。(2)提出并建立了地下空间开发对泉水影响评价指标体系。依据AHP(层次分析法)以济南市地下空间开发对泉水影响为目标层,选取自然地理条件、水文地质条件、工程地质条件三个方面为一级子系统(主题层),将各系统中的指标要素作为第二级(指标层),建立了地下空间开发对泉水影响评价指标体系,并研究确定了各指标要素的重要性,其中对目标层影响最大的评价指标为石灰岩顶面埋深,对目标层影响最小的评价指标为地形坡度,研究结果符合济南泉水保护的水文地质条件。(3)进行了济南市地下空间开发对泉水影响分区分析。引入GIS模糊综合评价法,基于GIS平台进行矢量模型空间运算,分别得到了研究区地下第一空间开发对泉水影响分区图和地下第二空间开发对泉水影响分区图,即得到济南市地下第一空间、地下第二空间开发对泉水不同影响区的面积、分布位置,结果表明其中地下第一空间开发对泉水强影响区、较强影响区、一般影响区、较小影响区分别约占研究区总面积的1.036%、1.001%、0.371%、97.591%。地下第二空间开发对泉水强影响区、较强影响区、一般影响区、较小影响区分别约占研究区总面积的4.156%,2.906%,1.143%,91.794%。分区结果符合济南泉域的水文地质条件。(4)在进行地下第一空间开发对泉水影响分区和地下第二空间开发对泉水影响分区成果基础上,提出了地下第一空间、地下第二空间的地质环境保护对策,并建议从控制城区向直接补给区扩张、回灌补源、雨洪水利用、开源节流与优化开采布局、岩溶干谷的水源涵养、工程建设污废水水环境保护几个方面加强泉水的保护。对于强影响区的工程建设项目,需要及时开展保泉论证工作,查明地基基础深度内岩溶发育程度、裂隙密集带分布,严禁地基基础施工破坏岩溶含水层。对于裸露石灰岩分布区应禁止污染企业的规划建设,从水质、水量两个方面保护好济南泉水。
[Abstract]:In the modern development of the city, Ji'nan city is facing "city syndrome" as well as other big city, urban area expansion and insufficient supply of land resources, resulting in city living space environment is facing increasing pressure. As soon as the development and utilization of underground space is an inevitable choice. Scientific and reasonable, affect the development of underground space respect for the laws of nature and of spring water does not generate or produce smaller, scientific development and utilization of underground space will destroy the water aquifer and runoff channels. Based on the collection and study of geological survey and construction data of Ji'nan City, the natural geographical conditions, hydrogeological condition, engineering geological condition analysis, research the first underground space, underground space development characteristics of the geological environment within the depth of second. Following the basic steps and indicators to establish the evaluation index system of the selection of the original Then, the system of evaluation index system of underground space development on spring. By using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on GIS evaluation in the study area of underground space development first were carried out on spring influence zoning, evaluation of underground space development on second spring effect partition. According to the partition results, the corresponding protection countermeasure is put forward. The research results of Ji'nan the city is scientific and reasonable, the premise of respecting the law of nature under the underground space development and protection of water is of great significance. In this thesis, the main conclusions are as follows: (1) analysis of the Ji'nan underground space development characteristics of the geological environment. Through drilling to collect for the study area, summary of hydrological data clustering, this paper combined with the depth of underground space the development, were drawn in the study area of Quaternary soil thickness isoline, magmatite depth contour, limestone depth contour, underground The water level elevation contour, the underground water level minimum depth contour, and the groundwater recharge and runoff near Ji'nan springs were analyzed. The results show that the study area of the Quaternary soil thickness on the whole gradually increased from southeast to northwest, magmatic rocks are mainly distributed in the study area in the north, northeast and Northwest limestone. The buried depth in limestone and magmatic rock contact zone on both sides are very different. The research area in different periods of groundwater in the overall direction of motion changes little, the minimum depth of underground water level on the whole has gradually decreased from southeast to northwest trend on the whole and slope is consistent. (2) proposed and established the evaluation index system of underground space development on spring. According to the AHP (analytic hierarchy process) to Ji'nan underground space development on the water impact of the target layer, the natural geographical conditions selected, hydrogeological condition, engineering Three quality conditions for a subsystem (the theme layer), the index of each system is the second level (indicators), established the evaluation index system of underground space development in spring, and research to determine the importance of each index, the evaluation index of the target layer effect of maximum depth the limestone top surface of the target layer effect evaluation index is the minimum terrain slope, the results consistent with the hydrogeological conditions of Ji'nan spring protection. (3) the influence of the development of underground space in Ji'nan city on the water partition analysis. The introduction of GIS fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, vector space calculation model based on GIS platform, the study area are obtained. The first underground space development on spring spring impact zoning map and the zoning map effect second underground space development of Ji'nan City, the first underground space, underground space development on second different spring water effect The area of distribution, the results show that the underground space development of the first spring strong influence area, strong influence area, influence area, small influence area accounted for the total area of 1.036%, 1.001%, 0.371%, second 97.591%. Underground Space Development Zone on the ring spring strong, strong impact area, the general area of influence small, affected area accounted for the total area of 4.156%, 2.906%, 1.143%, 91.794%. in accordance with the partition results hydrogeological conditions of Ji'nan spring region. (4) in the first underground space development on spring influence and underground space development to the second partition effect partition springs on the basis of the results of the first proposed underground space, geological environment the protection measures of underground space second, and suggested that the expansion from the city to control the direct recharge area, groundwater recharge, stormwater utilization, saving and optimization of mining layout, karst valley's water conservation project. The protection of several water environmental protection wastewater to strengthen the construction of water. For the strong influence area of engineering construction projects, the need for timely carry out spring protection demonstration work, identify the degree of karst foundation depth, fractured zone distribution, no foundation construction damage of karst aquifer. For the bare limestone region should be prohibited from planning and construction, pollution enterprises from the two aspects of water quality, water conservation in Ji'nan springs.

【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P641.8

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