干旱区最严格水资源管理制度下地下水演变数值模拟研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 04:22

本文选题：干旱区　切入点：MODFLOW　出处：《新疆大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：水资源是战略性资源,更是经济社会快速发展和居民生活水平不断提高的重要保障。在水资源供需矛盾日益突出的大背景下,地下水作为水资源的重要组成部分对维护区域稳定和经济发展具有不可替代的作用。因此,地下水的合理开采对实现水资源可持续利用和社会经济可持续发展具有非常重要的意义。大力推进节水型社会建设,最严格水资源管理制度理念和治水具体措施已成为新时期水利改革发展形势下的重要治水方略。本文以呼图壁河流域为研究区,通过分析流域水文地质条件,地下水补给、径流、排泄的关系以及当地社会经济用水等要素,采用水均衡法对地下水的补给量和排泄量进行计算,并基于地下水流动数值模拟软件Processing Modflow构建了呼图壁河流域平原灌区地下水数值模拟模型,实现了研究区地下水的动态模拟,结合最严格水资源管理制度下流域水资源可开发总量,给出该制度下地下水资源的合理开发方式,为当地水资源管理部门科学落实最严格水资源管理制度提供了理论支持和数据支撑。论文得到的主要结论如下:(1)在分析呼图壁河流域水文地质条件的基础上,采用水均衡法从地下水的侧向补给量、河流入渗补给量、渠系入渗补给量、田间灌溉入渗补给量、井泉回归量等各项对地下水的补给量进行了计算,从地下水的侧向流出量、人工开采量、潜水蒸发蒸腾量等方面对地下水的排泄进行了计算。结果显示,地下水的补给总量为23848万m3/a,排泄总量为39118.6万m3/a,地下水均衡差为-15271万m3/a,地下水处于负均衡状态。(2)运用MODFLOW数值模拟软件对呼图壁河流域地下水进行了模拟,采用1000×1000m的网格进行剖分,横向上剖分为73列,纵向上剖分为123行,垂向上为3层,共计26937个计算单元,60个应力期,选取2011-2013年为模型率定期,2014-2015年为模型验证期,模拟值和实测值的相关系数为0.90和0.89。结果表明,现状条件下呼图壁河流域地下水位在持续下降,南部降深较大,中部较小,北部形成较大的地下水漏斗,地下水的模拟水位与实测水位具有较好的一致性,模拟结果比较理想。(3)分析了呼图壁河流域内的水资源状况,运用MODFLOW软件对“三条红线”2020年和2030年指标控制下的地下水进行模拟,结果显示,呼图壁河流域维持现有耕地面积不变,地下水的灌溉入渗补给量和开采量都有明显的减少,在2020年和2030年“三条红线”的指标下,地下水总补给量分别减少2746×10~4m~3、2830×10~4m~3,总排泄量分别减少20675×10~4m~3、21729×10~4m~3,储量增加了17929×10~4m~3、18899×10~4m~3,地下水储量的增加意味着地下水位呈现逐渐上升的趋势。根据供需水量进行水资源分配,提出“丰水期回灌补水,枯水期抽水补地,地表水-地下水联合调度”的最严格水资源管理模式。
[Abstract]:Water resource is a strategic resource, and it is also an important guarantee for the rapid development of economy and society and the continuous improvement of residents' living standard. Under the background of the increasingly prominent contradiction between supply and demand of water resources, Groundwater, as an important component of water resources, plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining regional stability and economic development. The reasonable exploitation of groundwater is of great significance to the sustainable utilization of water resources and the sustainable development of social economy. The concept of the strictest water resources management system and the concrete measures to control the water have become an important water control strategy under the situation of water conservancy reform and development in the new period. This paper takes the Hutubi River basin as the study area, through the analysis of the hydrogeological conditions of the basin, groundwater recharge. The water balance method is used to calculate the recharge and discharge of groundwater by the factors of runoff, discharge and local social and economic water use. Based on the numerical simulation software Processing Modflow, a numerical simulation model of groundwater in the plain irrigation area of Hutubi River basin is constructed, which realizes the dynamic simulation of groundwater in the study area. Combining with the total amount of water resources exploitable under the strictest water resources management system, the reasonable exploitation mode of groundwater resources under this system is given. It provides theoretical support and data support for the local water resources management department to carry out the strictest water resources management system scientifically. The main conclusions of the paper are as follows: 1) based on the analysis of hydrogeological conditions in the Hutubi River basin, The water balance method is used to calculate the recharge of groundwater from the side of groundwater, the amount of river infiltration, the amount of canal system, the amount of irrigation irrigation in the field, the return of well spring, etc. The discharge of groundwater was calculated in the aspects of artificial extraction, evaporation and transpiration of phreatic water, etc. The results show that, The total amount of groundwater recharge is 238.48 million m3 / a, the total discharge amount is 391.186 million m3 / a, the groundwater equilibrium difference is -#number2# m3 / a, and the groundwater is in a negative equilibrium state.) the groundwater in the Hutubi River Basin is simulated by using MODFLOW numerical simulation software, and the meshes of 1000 脳 1000m are used to divide the groundwater. It is divided into 73 columns horizontally, 123 rows vertically and 3 layers vertically, with a total of 26937 calculation units and 60 stress periods. 2011-2013 is selected as the model rate and 2014-2015 as the model verification period. The correlation coefficients between simulated and measured values are 0.90 and 0.89 respectively. The results show that the groundwater level in the Hutubi River basin is decreasing continuously under the present condition, the depth in the south is larger, the middle part is small, and a large funnel is formed in the north. The simulated groundwater level is in good agreement with the measured water level, and the simulation results are ideal. 3) the water resources situation in the Hutubi River basin is analyzed. The groundwater under the control of "three red lines" in 2020 and 2030 was simulated by using MODFLOW software. The results showed that the area of existing cultivated land remained unchanged in the Hutubi River basin, and the irrigation infiltration recharge and exploitation of groundwater decreased obviously. Under the "three Red Line" targets for 2020 and 2030, The total groundwater supply decreased by 2746 脳 10 ~ (4) m ~ (-1) ~ (3) ~ 2 830 脳 10 ~ (4) m ~ (3), and the total discharge decreased by 20675 脳 10 ~ (4) m ~ (3) ~ 3 ~ 21729 脳 10 ~ (4) m ~ (3) ~ (3) respectively, and the reserve increased by 17929 脳 10 ~ (4) m ~ (3) ~ 1 889 脳 10 ~ (4) m ~ (3). The increase of groundwater reserves means that the groundwater level is gradually rising. According to the distribution of water resources during the period of high water supply and demand, it is put forward that "recharge water in high water period". The strictest model of water resources management is to draw water and replenish the land during the dry season and to combine the surface water and groundwater operation.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P641.8

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