论崩塌滑坡—碎屑流高速远程问题

发布时间：2018-04-01 07:34

本文选题：崩塌滑坡—碎屑流　切入点：高速　出处：《地质论评》2017年06期

【摘要】：高速远程崩塌滑坡—碎屑流具有规模大、速度快、滑程远、多态化、常转向、冲程多、冲击性和摧毁性等特征。崩塌或滑坡高速远程实质上是其解体后的碎屑流运动形式。碎屑流高速远程与崩塌滑坡规模、物质成分结构、地形高差、沟道形态和引发因素及运动路经的环境等因素密切相关。崩塌滑坡变形破坏形式一般显示为蠕动—拉裂—剪断—滑移—冲出—解体—碎屑流化的过程。崩塌滑坡形成机理主要基于残余强度、蠕变作用和孔隙水压力等理论认识进行解释。碎屑流运动机理主要立足于势能动能转化传递、气体浮托和颗粒流运动理论予以解释。动势能转化、气体浮托作用和颗粒流运动三种解释是层次不同、相互补充的关系,不是彼此独立的。基于成年人在复杂地形下能够奔跑逃生,崩塌滑坡—碎屑流前锋的运动速度5m/s作为高速运动的下限值是比较合理的。崩塌滑坡—碎屑流区域的前后缘高差(H)与前后缘水平距离(L)的比值小于0.4或L/H值大于2.5可作为其远程运动的判据。崩塌滑坡—碎屑流成灾模式包括直接压覆、解体推挤、碰撞冲击、气浪吹袭、激流涌浪、堰塞湖淹没与滑坡坝溃决—洪水泥石流等多种形式。
[Abstract]:High speed remote landslide-debris flow has large scale, high speed, long slip, polymorphic, regular turn, many stroke, The characteristics of impact and destruction. Collapse or landslide at high speed is essentially the movement form of debris flow after its disintegration. The scale of debris flow, the structure of material composition, the difference of topographic height, the scale of debris flow, the scale of landslide, the structure of material composition, the height of landform, and so on. The shape of the channel is closely related to the initiation factors and the environment of the movement path. The deformation and failure form of the landslide is generally shown as a process of creeping, pulling, shearing, sliding, breaking out, disintegrating and fluidizing of debris. The formation mechanism is mainly based on residual strength, The mechanism of debris flow movement is mainly based on the transfer of potential energy kinetic energy, the theory of gas floatation and particle flow motion. The three interpretations of gas buoyancy and particle flow motion are hierarchical, complementary and not independent. Based on the ability of adults to run and escape in complex terrain, The velocity 5m/s of the front of collapse landslide and debris flow is reasonable as the lower limit of high speed movement. The ratio of the height difference between front and back edge of collapse landslide and debris flow area is less than 0. 4 or the ratio of L / H is greater than 0. 4 or L / H value > 0. 4 or L / H value > 0. 4 or L / H value > 0. 4. 2.5 can be used as a criterion for its long-range movement. The mode of collapse, landslide and debris flow disaster includes direct cladding, There are many forms such as break-up push, collision impact, air wave blow, torrent surge, dammed lake inundation and landslide dam outburst-flood debris flow and so on.
【作者单位】：国土资源部地质灾害应急指导中心;中国地质环境监测院;
【基金】：国家财政专项(编号:1211221481001)“国家级地质灾害应急防治”的成果~~
【分类号】：P642.2

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