中国大地构造研究之思考——中国地质学家的责任与担当

发布时间：2018-04-01 08:33

本文选题：中国大地构造　切入点：板块构造　出处：《中国地质》2017年01期

【摘要】：19世纪中叶到20世纪中叶盛行的地槽-地台学说,起源于西方学者对大西洋半球的欧洲和北美东部地质的研究。20世纪中叶提出的板块构造学说,虽然起源于对现代海洋的地质、地球物理调查,但用板块学说解释大陆构造的尝试,也是从解剖北美和欧洲大西洋两岸的古生代造山带开始的。二者均缺少太平洋半球的亚洲,特别是中国及邻区的资料基础,因此,其立论基础是不全面的。这就给亚洲,特别是给中国学者提供了很大的发展空间。通过1∶500万国际亚洲地质图的编制和全球构造的对比研究,笔者发现,处于亚洲核心地带的中国及邻区不仅是亚洲也是全球显生宙地质结构和发展历史最复杂的地区。古亚洲洋构造域的乌拉尔—蒙古—兴安巨型造山带是全球规模最大、发育历史最长、地质结构最复杂的古生代造山带;中国西南部,特别是青藏高原是全球特提斯巨型造山带出露宽度最大、地质纪录保存最完整的地段;中国东部的太平洋构造域,既有亚洲东缘的巨型中生代造山带和新生代的沟弧盆体系,又有宽阔的滨太平洋陆缘活化带。这就使中国及邻区成为研究全球显生宙构造不可缺少的重要地段。我们一定要抓住中国在全球构造研究中的区位优势,以地球系统多层圈构造观为指导,用地质、地球物理、地球化学多学科结合的方法,立足实际,抓住特色,构建中国大地构造的新理论、新模型,为国际地球科学,为发展、完善现代大地构造学理论做出应有的贡献!
[Abstract]:The mid nineteenth Century to mid twentieth Century in the geosyncline - platform theory, plate tectonic theory originated in western scholars of the Atlantic hemisphere Eastern Europe and North America geological study of.20 century, although the origin of modern ocean in geological, geophysical survey, but using plate theory attempts to explain continental tectonics, also from North America and anatomy Europe on both sides of the Atlantic Paleozoic orogenic belt began. The two are lack of Asia Pacific hemisphere, especially the data base, Chinese and adjacent area, therefore, the foundation is not comprehensive. It to Asia, especially to provide a great space for development to Chinese scholars. By 1: 5 million international geology of Asia mapping and global tectonics of the comparative study, the author found that, in the heart of Asia China and adjacent areas is not only in Asia but also the global Phanerozoic geological structure and development history of the most Complex area. The paleo Asian Ocean in Ural - Mongolia - Xingan orogenic belt is one of the world's largest development, the longest history, the most complex geological structure of the Paleozoic orogenic belt; Southwest Chinese, especially the Qinghai Tibet Plateau is the largest outcrop width of the Tethyan region of orogenic belt, the geological record of the most complete preservation area Chinese; Pacific tectonic domain in eastern Asia, both the eastern edge of the giant Mesozoic orogenic belt and Cenozoic trench arc basin system and wide circum Pacific continental margin. This makes Chinese activation belt and adjacent area has become an important research area of global Phanerozoic tectonic universe indispensable. We must seize the advantage in China study on global tectonics in the earth system with multilayer circle structure under the guidance of the concept of using geological, geophysical and geochemical methods, combined with multi disciplines based on reality, seize the characteristics, construction Chinese earth structure The new model of the new theory, made, for International Earth Science, for the development and perfection of modern tectonics theory make contribution!

【作者单位】：中国地质科学院地质研究所;
【基金】：中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20160343、1212011020000150009)资助~~
【分类号】：P541

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