重磁数据处理在青海恰卜恰地区的应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 06:45

本文选题：奇异值分解　切入点：重磁数据　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：重力与磁法勘探作为一种传统的地球物理勘探测量方法,近几十年来,随着高精度重磁测量仪器的不断推陈出新及推广应用,以及计算机技术的迅猛发展,已迈入到了一个高精度测量和自动化解释的新阶段。不管是在理论方面还是在应用方面,重磁勘探是众多物探方法中相对来说比较成熟的。重磁方法有很多优势:经济成本低、勘探深度大、效率高、速度快、应用覆盖面广泛。随着经济的快速发展,能源短缺的局面已经迫在眉睫。不论是为了经济社会走可持续发展之路,还是保护人类赖以生存的地球生态环境,开发新能源均具有重大战略意义。开发利用作为清洁能源的地热资源,可以起到缓解中国能源紧张的局面,保护自然环境的作用。本文通过对青海共和县恰卜恰地区重磁数据的处理,划定了区内断裂信息,圈定了干热岩靶区,旨在寻找重磁异常与干热岩之间的响应关系。具体研究内容如下:研究奇异值分解的理论,探讨奇异值分解应用在位场数据去噪中的可行性,提出了一种判断奇异值有效阶次的方法;建立重力模型验证去噪方法的效果,讨论奇异值分解去噪的优势和劣势。对向上延拓、多尺度小波分析等位场分离方法、Parker-Oldenburg界面反演方法、垂向导数、倾斜角总水平导数、归一化标准差、位场归一化差分等边界识别方法进行了较为系统的理论分析。通过模型试验,对多种边界识别方法进行对比分析,通过添加区域场,讨论各个方法的适用条件,总结方法的应用效果。对青海共和县恰卜恰地区的重磁数据进行处理,在奇异值分解去噪的基础上,做了解析延拓、位场分离处理,从不同方面解析数据;利用重磁异常分别计算了基底深度与起伏,并进行了断裂信息的提取,最终通过各种计算结果,结合地质信息推断了研究区的断裂构造情况,圈定了干热岩靶区。
[Abstract]:Gravity and magnetic exploration as a traditional geophysical survey method, in recent decades, with the continuous development of high-precision gravity and magnetic measurement instruments, and the rapid development of computer technology.It has entered a new stage of high precision measurement and automatic interpretation.In both theory and application, gravity and magnetic exploration is relatively mature among many geophysical methods.Gravity and magnetic methods have many advantages, such as low economic cost, high exploration depth, high efficiency, high speed and wide application coverage.With the rapid development of economy, the situation of energy shortage is imminent.It is of great strategic significance to develop new energy not only for the sake of sustainable development of economy and society, but also for the protection of the ecological environment of the earth on which human beings depend.The exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources as clean energy can alleviate the energy tension and protect the natural environment in China.Based on the processing of gravity and magnetic data in Qiabqia area of Gonghe County Qinghai Province the fault information in the area is delineated and the target area of dry hot rock is delineated in order to find the response relationship between gravity and magnetic anomaly and dry hot rock.The main contents are as follows: the theory of singular value decomposition is studied, the feasibility of applying singular value decomposition in potential field data denoising is discussed, a method to judge the effective order of singular value is proposed, and the effect of denoising method is verified by establishing gravity model.The advantages and disadvantages of singular value decomposition (SVD) denoising are discussed.In this paper, the methods of upward continuation, multi-scale wavelet analysis, parker-Oldenburg interface inversion, vertical guide number, total horizontal derivative of tilt angle, normalized standard deviation and normalized difference of potential field are systematically analyzed.Through the model test, several boundary recognition methods are compared and analyzed. By adding the region field, the applicable conditions of each method are discussed, and the application effect of the method is summarized.Based on the singular value decomposition and denoising, the gravity and magnetic data in Chibqia area of the Republican County of Qinghai Province are processed. The data are analyzed from different aspects by means of analytic continuation and potential field separation, and the basement depth and fluctuation are calculated by using gravity and magnetic anomalies, respectively.Finally, through various calculation results and geological information, the fault structure of the study area is inferred, and the dry hot rock target area is delineated.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P631

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