煤田槽波地震勘探中层析成像技术应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 10:55

本文选题：槽波　切入点：频散分析　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：煤炭是我国的重要能源。现阶段,我国经济处于快速发展时期。这造成对煤炭的需求度大幅度提高。为了满足煤田需求,煤炭开采规模也呈现扩大趋势。我国大型煤田地质构造复杂,煤层中存在不同尺度的地质异常体。在煤田开采过程中,煤层中的地质异常体如果不能探明,会造成开采过程中的安全事故,危机作业人员生命安全,造成巨大经济损失。因此,探明工区内的地质情况是顺利进行开采工作重要环节。槽波地震勘探技术(ISS)能够有效探测煤层中存在的局部小构造、异常体及煤层厚度变化情况。通过层析成像技术能够重现地下地质构造情况,能够有效指导煤田井下煤炭开采工作。本文详细分析槽波地震勘探技术的国内外研究情况,详细阐述了槽波的基本理论,包括槽波的形成机理、槽波的分类及探方法方面。频散是槽波的最大特点。通过对槽波相速度和群速度的认识,进一步理解槽波的频散特性,得到群速度和相速度的频散方程表达式。埃里震相是频散曲线上的极值点,具有较强的能量和较高的频率。不同因素对槽波频散的影响程度不同,其中,煤层厚度变化具有明显影响。移动时窗法和相位差法是两种频散分析的方法。层析成像技术主要应用在槽波透射法。本文阐述了代数迭代法(ART)和瞬时迭代法的算法(SIRT),并分析两种方法的优缺点。基于以上理论分析,本文对河北冀中能源股份有限公司东庞矿2111工作面进行实际工区数据采集,利用自主研发的SCT槽波地震数据处理软件进行室内资料处理解释,运用移动时窗法对Love型槽波进行频散分析,采用SIRT法进行层析成像反演,得到工区层析成像结果,说明工区内存在三个高速异常区,验证工区内存在的两个断层,并推测另一个高速异常区是假频造成的。本文认为槽波地震勘探中Rayleigh型槽波的应用,槽波对地质异常体尺寸的确定,槽波地震采集仪器设备的研发是今后槽波研究的热点问题。
[Abstract]:Coal is an important energy source in China.At this stage, China's economy is in a period of rapid development.This resulted in a substantial increase in the demand for coal.In order to meet the demand of coal field, the scale of coal mining is also increasing.The geological structure of large coalfield in China is complex and there are geological anomalies of different scales in coal seam.In the process of coal mining, if the geological abnormal body in coal seam can not be proved, it will cause the safety accident in the mining process, the safety of the personnel in crisis operation, and cause huge economic losses.Therefore, the geological conditions in the area is an important link in the successful mining work.Groove-wave seismic exploration technique (ISS) can effectively detect the variation of local small structures, abnormal bodies and coal seam thickness in coal seams.The underground geological structure can be reproduced by tomography, and the coal mining work can be effectively guided.In this paper, the domestic and foreign research situation of groove-wave seismic exploration technology is analyzed in detail, and the basic theory of groove-wave is expounded in detail, including the formation mechanism of groove-wave, the classification of groove-wave and the exploration method.Dispersion is the biggest characteristic of grooves.Based on the understanding of the phase velocity and group velocity of grooves, the dispersion equation of group velocity and phase velocity is obtained by further understanding the dispersion characteristics of grooves.The Ellidean phase is the extreme point on the frequency dispersion line with strong energy and high frequency.The influence of different factors on the frequency dispersion of channel wave is different, among which, the change of coal seam thickness has obvious influence.Moving time window method and phase difference method are two kinds of dispersion analysis methods.Tomographic imaging is mainly used in groove-wave transmission method.In this paper, the algebraic iterative method (ART) and the instantaneous iterative method are discussed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are analyzed.Based on the above theoretical analysis, this paper carries on the actual area data collection to the 2111 face of Dongpang Coal Mine of Hebei Jizhong Energy Co., Ltd., and uses the independently developed SCT trough wave seismic data processing software to carry on the indoor data processing interpretation.The frequency dispersion of Love grooves is analyzed by moving time window method, and the tomography inversion is carried out by SIRT method. The results show that there are three high speed abnormal areas in the working area, and two faults in the working area are verified.It is speculated that another high speed anomaly is caused by false frequency.In this paper, it is considered that the application of Rayleigh grooves in groove-wave seismic exploration, the determination of the size of groove-wave to geological anomalies, and the research and development of the equipment for groove-wave seismic acquisition are hot issues in the future research of groove-wave.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.4

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