中国近代地质教育体制演进社会动因研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 05:25

本文选题：中国近代教育　切入点：地质科学　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：1909年京师大学堂在格致科设置地质学门,招收地质专业的学生开展专门地质学教育为肇始。1913年北洋政府工商部在北京创办地质研究所培养地质人才,时间已过去了整整一百年。中国近代地质教育的百年发展历程,体现了教育体制化建设逐步完善的过程。体制演化进程,是教育法律、法规和制度建设走向成熟的标志。中国近代地质科学和中国近代地质教育的产生与发展是同步的,本文根据相关资料,仅对中国近代地质教育史划分为三个阶段:①教育体制化探索阶段(1909~1917);②教育体制化形成阶段(1917~1937);③战时教育体制的调整(1937~1949)。教育本身是一种社会行为,地质教育作为自然科学领域中的一个教育门类,它的出现与社会需要息息相关。由于近代中国的社会发展经历了太多的挫折,自鸦片战争之后,中国社会结构的变化使近代地质学及地质教育的出现具有自身的特点,本文将其归纳为以下几点:①西学东渐和洋务运动的思想催化作用;②清末所谓“新政”,催生了现代教育体制的出现;③19世纪外国人在中国的考察和地质旅行增进了近代中国社会对地质科学的认识和了解。回顾百年中国地质教育体制化的不平凡路程,分析总结这百年历史的得失与经验,无疑会对当代中国地质教育及其发展起到些许的启示与借鉴作用。本文将从封建制社会体制扼杀近代科学的产生、社会政治对中国近代地质教育的制约、社会经济发展是地质教育发展的温床、社会文化的发展促进地质教育的发展这四个方面,对中国近代地质教育发展的阶段特点及对今后的借鉴作用进行对比,以求今后中国地质教育的有益启示,促进中国地质教育事业的蓬勃发展。通过对中国近代地质教育体制化演进的分析,本文认为有四点启示可以作为进一步发展中国地质教育的借鉴:第一,全社会大力提倡先进的文化,对地质教育发展具有引领和促进作用;第二,坚守地质教育的社会功能,排除干扰,坚定地质教育为社会经济发展服务的宗旨与信念;第三,坚持地质科学与地质教育适应经济全球化与知识全球化的发展趋势,为我国地质教育事业由地质大国向地质强国发展的过程中提供力量的支撑与科学的引导;第四,汲取经验教训,力争保持地质教育发展大环境的稳定性、科学性、长久性。
[Abstract]:In 1909, the Beijing Teachers' College set up a geology department in Gezhi Department, and started with the special geological education for the students majoring in geology. In 1913, the Ministry of Industry and Commerce of the Beiyang Government established the Institute of Geology in Beijing to train geological talents, and it has been 100 years since.The development course of geological education in modern China reflects the process of education system construction.The process of institutional evolution is the symbol of the maturity of educational laws, regulations and institutions.The emergence and development of modern geological science in China and geological education in modern China are synchronized.Only the history of modern geological education in China can be divided into three stages: 1 the exploration stage of educational systematization and the formation stage of educational systematization in 1909 / 19171.The adjustment of the educational system in wartime.Education itself is a kind of social behavior. As a kind of education in the field of natural science, geological education is closely related to social needs.Because the social development of modern China has experienced too many setbacks, since the Opium War, the changes in the social structure of China have made the appearance of modern geology and geological education have their own characteristics.In this paper, it is summed up as the following points: 1 the ideological catalytic role of the western-learning eastward and Westernization Movement; 2 the so-called "New deal" in the late Qing Dynasty, which gave birth to the emergence of the modern education system;The investigation and geological travel of foreigners in China in the 319 century have enhanced the understanding and understanding of geological science in modern Chinese society.Reviewing the extraordinary distance of the systematization of geological education in China for one hundred years, and analyzing and summarizing the gain, loss and experience of this century's history, there is no doubt that it will give some enlightenment and reference to the geological education and its development in contemporary China.This paper will focus on the following four aspects: the emergence of modern science is strangled by the feudal social system, the restriction of social politics on modern geological education in China, the development of social economy as the hotbed for the development of geological education, and the development of social culture to promote the development of geological education.This paper makes a comparison of the stage characteristics of the development of geological education in modern China and its reference function in the future, in order to obtain the beneficial enlightenment of geological education in China in the future and to promote the vigorous development of geological education in China.Based on the analysis of the institutional evolution of geological education in modern China, this paper holds that there are four enlightenments that can be used as a reference for the further development of geological education in China: first, the whole society vigorously advocates advanced culture.It plays a leading and promoting role in the development of geological education. Second, it is necessary to adhere to the social function of geological education, eliminate interference, and strengthen the purpose and belief that geological education serves social and economic development. Third,Adhere to the geological science and geological education to adapt to the development trend of economic globalization and knowledge globalization, and provide strength support and scientific guidance for the development of geological education in China from a large geological country to a geological power. Fourth,Draw lessons, strive to maintain the stability of geological education development environment, scientific, permanent.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G529;P5-4

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