泥石流研究概述与研究趋向浅见

发布时间：2018-04-12 08:18

本文选题：综述 + 泥石流分类　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：泥石流是一种由暴雨山洪地震等引起的混杂着碎石粘土沿坡面下落的地质灾害,多发生在山区,有影响范围大,持续时间长,造成灾害大等特点。现阶段,泥石流研究在全世界范围内已经受到相当程度的重视,尤其在一些地震多发国家,如中国和日本。为了对我国泥石流研究的经验和近年来泥石流研究最新成果进行总结,对泥石流研究未来的发展方向做出展望,本文结合泥石流研究体系和泥石流发生规律,运用对比分析法,图表展示法等方法,阐述了泥石流的基本定义、泥石流研究的重要现实意义、国内外泥石流研究得历史现状、泥石流形成原因、泥石流形成机理和泥石流体的流特特征研究,包括流量、流速和容重的计算。通过选取不同指标体系对泥石流进行了综合分类,介绍几种研究泥石流数学模型,分析了我国泥石流在时间和空间上的分布规律,各地区发生泥石流的基本特征。在了解了泥石流危害的基础上,介绍了泥石流灾情评价方法以及评价体系。介绍了防治泥石流灾害的几种思路和常见手段,包括泥石流危险性分区,泥石流防治的工程和非工程措施。最后,在对泥石流研究历史和现状分析后,提出我国泥石流研究中出现的问题,包括对低频泥石流研究不够重视等问题,并对未来泥石流研究的发展方向做出预测,认为未来泥石流研究内容更加丰富,分支更多,研究手段更为先进,对3S等高新技术的依赖不断加强。
[Abstract]:Debris flow is a kind of geological hazard caused by torrential rain and torrential torrents, which is mixed with gravel clay falling along the slope. It mostly occurs in mountainous area, and has the characteristics of large influence range, long duration and great disaster.At present, the study of debris flow has received considerable attention worldwide, especially in some earthquake-prone countries, such as China and Japan.In order to summarize the research experience of debris flow in China and the latest achievements of debris flow research in recent years, and to make a prospect of the future development direction of debris flow research, this paper combines the debris flow research system and debris flow occurrence law, and applies comparative analysis method.The basic definition of debris flow, the important practical significance of debris flow research, the historical situation of debris flow research at home and abroad, the cause of debris flow formation, the formation mechanism of debris flow and the characteristics of debris flow are expounded.This includes the calculation of flow, velocity and bulk density.By selecting different index systems to classify debris flow, several mathematical models of debris flow are introduced, and the distribution of debris flow in time and space in China is analyzed, and the basic characteristics of debris flow in different regions are analyzed.On the basis of understanding the hazard of debris flow, the evaluation method and evaluation system of debris flow disaster are introduced.This paper introduces several ideas and common methods for debris flow prevention and control, including debris flow hazard zoning, engineering and non-engineering measures for debris flow prevention and control.Finally, after analyzing the history and present situation of debris flow research, the paper puts forward some problems in debris flow research in China, including not paying enough attention to low-frequency debris flow research, and forecasts the development direction of debris flow research in the future.It is considered that the future debris flow research will be more abundant, more branches, more advanced research methods, and the dependence on high and new technologies such as 3s will be strengthened.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.23

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