从二个地下流体典型震例论台网优化与升级

发布时间：2018-04-12 23:03

本文选题：地下流体 + 典型震例　；参考：《地震》2017年01期

【摘要】：对1998年张北MS6.2与2014年鲁甸MS6.5二个地下流体的典型震例,进行前兆异常的重新筛选与异常特征的系统剖析,分析了异常与地震三要素关系,指出了异常特征与地震三要素关系的不确定性及以此实现地震预测的困难性。从场的动态监测与源的过程追踪的地震预测的科学思路出发,提出了中国地震地下流体台网的优化与升级的方向与方案,其主要内容有:1通过对现有观测井(泉)进行筛选并增建一批新观测井(泉),重建以强化场的动态监测为目标的全国地下流体基本台网,该网以地下水物理化学(水位、水温、氡、汞)观测为主,井(泉)间距在西部地区为约200km,东部地区为约100km,首都圈地区为约50km;2在天山带、南北带、郯庐地震带等地震潜在危险区,新建5~6个地下流体局部观测网,开展以捕捉M6.0以上地震的源兆与追踪其变化过程为目标的断层气体(含溶解气与土壤气)成网观测,井(泉,点)间距为约50km左右,进行突破地震短临预测的科学技术探索;3在建设上述二个层次观测网时,抓三项关键技术:进一步完善与提升现有的数字化观测技术,优化与规范观测井的内在质量,发展气体、离子、流量等测项。
[Abstract]:Based on the typical earthquake examples of two underground fluids in Zhangbei MS6.2 in 1998 and MS6.5 in Ludian in 2014, the precursory anomalies were re-screened and the anomalous characteristics were systematically analyzed, and the relationship between the anomalies and the three elements of earthquakes was analyzed.This paper points out the uncertainty of the relationship between abnormal characteristics and earthquake three elements and the difficulty of realizing earthquake prediction.Based on the scientific idea of seismic prediction based on the dynamic monitoring of the field and the process of the source tracking, the direction and scheme of the optimization and upgrading of the seismic underground fluid network in China are put forward.The main contents are as follows: (1) by screening the existing observation wells (springs) and building a number of new observation wells (springs), the basic national underground fluid network, which aims at strengthening the dynamic monitoring of the field, is reconstructed. The network is based on the physical chemistry of groundwater (water level, water temperature).Radon and mercury are mainly observed. The spacing between wells (springs) is about 200 km in the western region, about 100 km in the eastern part of the region, and about 50 km m in the capital region. In the Tianshan belt, the north-south belt, the Tanlu seismic belt and other potential seismic risk areas, 5 ~ 6 local observation networks of underground fluids have been built.The fault gas (including dissolved gas and soil gas), which is aimed at capturing the source precursors of earthquakes above M6.0 and tracking their variation process, is observed in a netted way. The spacing of wells (springs, points) is about 50km.Scientific and technological Exploration for Breakthrough of Short-term and imminent Prediction of Earthquakes during the construction of the above two levels of observation network, three key technologies should be stressed: further perfecting and improving the existing digital observation technology, optimizing and standardizing the internal quality of observation wells,Develop gas, ion, flow rate, etc.
【作者单位】：中国地震局地质研究所;中国地震局地壳应力研究所(地壳动力学重点实验室);山东省地震局聊城地震水化站;中国地震台网中心;
【基金】：中国地震局地壳应力研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(ZDJ2014-04)资助
【分类号】：P315.78

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