伊犁黄土滑坡特征、成因及稳定性分析

发布时间：2018-04-13 03:27

本文选题：伊犁 + 黄土滑坡　；参考：《石河子大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：伊犁位于新疆维吾尔自治区西部,是我国西北黄土滑坡分布广泛的地区之一。长期以来,黄土滑坡的发生,掩埋村庄、中断交通、造成人员伤亡,给该地区的经济发展和人民生命财产造成了重大损失,因此对该地区黄土滑坡的特征和形成原因进行研究,并对典型滑坡进行稳定性分析,对于该地区黄土滑坡的防治具有重要意义。本文以伊犁地区为研究区,在野外调查、资料整理以及现场和室内试验的基础上,首先研究了该地区的地质环境条件、黄土的分布、分区、地层和基本性质;其次对黄土滑坡的分布、类型、形态等特征进行了研究,并从多个方面分析了伊犁黄土滑坡形成的原因;最后选取加郎普特滑坡为典型例子,运用极限平衡法和强度折减有限元法对其进行了稳定性计算分析,并提出了相应的治理措施。取得的研究成果如下:(1)在伊犁境内的加郎普特、则克台和阔勒德能等地采集土样进行土力学试验,并结合已有的研究成果,从物质组成、物理性质、水理性质和力学性对伊犁黄土的基本性质进行了研究。结果表明:伊犁黄土的粒度以粉粒为主,矿物成分以石英、长石以及碳酸盐类矿物为主,呈碱性;天然含水量和天然重度偏大,孔隙比在0.686~0.957之间;渗透系数在10-4~10-6cm/s之间,总体呈弱透水性;具有较强的湿陷性,内聚力在7.2~26.2k Pa之间,内摩擦角在15.5~32.0°之间,遇水时,内聚力和内摩擦角下降明显。(2)通过野外实地调查,分析了伊犁黄土滑坡在分布、形态方面的特点。在空间上,伊犁黄土滑坡主要分布于中低山区、中低-低山丘陵区及河流两岸的黄土斜坡地带,其中,中东部地区为滑坡最为发育的地区;在时间上,滑坡多发生于4~6月。滑坡类型主要为黄土层内滑坡和黄土基岩接触面滑坡,滑坡规模以小型浅层为主,但也不乏大型滑坡。滑坡平面形态以簸箕形、长椅形、复合形、扇形为主,纵断面形态以圆弧形滑面为主。(3)在土工试验和野外调查的基础上,从多个方面分析了伊犁黄土滑坡形成的原因。分析认为,在各种因素中,伊犁地区广泛分布的黄土为滑坡形成提供了物质基础,区域内多山的地形地貌、黄土层与下伏基岩呈不整合接触关系的地层结构为黄土滑坡提供了边界条件,而暴雨则是滑坡形成的主要诱因。在此基础上,分析了该地区降雨诱发黄土滑坡的机理。(4)选取伊犁境内的加郎普特黄土滑坡为典型例子,分析了该滑坡的特征和形成机制,利用二维极限平衡法对该滑坡进行了稳定性分析,从渗透稳定性、抗冲刷稳定性和抗滑稳定性三个方面对滑坡所致的堰塞湖进行稳定性分析。在二维计算的基础上,利用GOCAD、CATIA和Hypermesh对典型滑坡建立三维计算模型,利用强度折减有限元法对其作进一步分析,并根据计算结果提出了相应的治理措施,可为该滑坡及伊犁地区类似黄土滑坡的稳定性分析提供参考。
[Abstract]:Yili, located in the west of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, is one of the most widely distributed loess landslides in Northwest China.For a long time, the occurrence of loess landslide, burying villages, interrupting traffic, causing casualties, causing great losses to the economic development of the area and people's lives and property, so the characteristics and causes of loess landslide in this area are studied.The stability analysis of typical landslide is of great significance to the prevention and treatment of loess landslide in this area.On the basis of field investigation, data arrangement and field and laboratory tests, the geological environment conditions, loess distribution, zoning, strata and basic properties of Yili area are studied in this paper.Secondly, the distribution, type and shape of loess landslide are studied, and the causes of loess landslide in Yili are analyzed from many aspects. Finally, Kalanpute landslide is selected as a typical example.The limit equilibrium method and the strength reduction finite element method are used to calculate and analyze their stability, and the corresponding treatment measures are put forward.The results of the research are as follows: 1) soil samples were collected in Kalanpute, Zechtei and Kuludeng in Ili for soil mechanics tests, and combined with existing research results, from the material composition, physical properties,The basic properties of Yili loess were studied by hydrological and mechanical properties.The results show that the grain size of Yili loess is mainly silt, the mineral composition is mainly quartz, feldspar and carbonate minerals, which is alkaline, the natural water content and natural severe degree are larger, the porosity ratio is between 0. 686 and 0. 957, and the permeability coefficient is between 10-4~10-6cm/s.It has strong collapsibility, cohesion between 7.2 ~ 26.2 KPA and an internal friction angle of 15.5 ~ 32.0 掳. When it comes to water, cohesion and friction angle decrease obviously.) through field investigation, the distribution of loess landslide in Yili is analyzed.A characteristic of form.In space, the loess landslide in Yili is mainly distributed in the middle and low mountain areas, the middle and low hilly areas and the loess slope belt on both sides of the river, in which the central and eastern regions are the most developed areas, and most of the landslides occur from April to June.The landslide type is mainly the landslide in loess soil layer and the loess bedrock contact surface landslide, the landslide scale is mainly small shallow layer, but also has the large-scale landslide.The plane shape of landslide is dustpan shape, bench shape, compound shape, sector shape, and vertical section shape is mainly circular arc surface. On the basis of geotechnical test and field investigation, the causes of the formation of Yili loess landslide are analyzed from many aspects.The analysis shows that, among the various factors, the widely distributed loess in Yili area provides the material basis for the formation of the landslide, and the mountainous terrain and geomorphology in the area.The unconformable contact relationship between the loess layer and the lower bedrock provides boundary conditions for the loess landslide, while the rainstorm is the main inducement for the formation of the landslide.On this basis, the mechanism of loess landslide induced by rainfall in this area is analyzed. (4) A typical example of Kalanpute loess landslide in Yili is selected, and the characteristics and formation mechanism of the landslide are analyzed.The stability analysis of the landslide is carried out by using the two-dimensional limit equilibrium method, and the stability of the barrier lake caused by the landslide is analyzed from three aspects: the stability of seepage, the stability of anti-erosion and the stability of anti-slide.On the basis of two-dimensional calculation, the 3D calculation model of typical landslide is established by using GOCADCATIA and Hypermesh, and the strength reduction finite element method is used to further analyze the model, and the corresponding treatment measures are put forward according to the calculation results.It can provide a reference for the stability analysis of the landslide and similar loess landslide in Yili area.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.22

【参考文献】