软玉次生矿物的种类及特征研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 00:22

  本文选题：软玉 + 次生矿物　； 参考：《石家庄经济学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：软玉作为一种中华民族文化传承的媒介被流传千年。软玉开发利用悠久的历史伴随着整个华夏民族的发展历程。软玉根据产状的不同被分为子料、山料、山流水,因经过漫长的次生作用过程,子料(主要是其皮壳部位)的矿物成分及其结构特征往往会发生一定程度的变化,给人感觉变得更细腻,且皮壳的颜色丰富,利用巧雕能使其更具艺术价值,所以带皮子料往往更受到人们的喜爱。但是对于子料真假的鉴别还未能有一套理论用于指导实践,对于软玉的次生变化及次生矿物的研究尤其薄弱。本文针对这个问题选取了大量相关的软玉样品,主要对其次生矿物进行系统的研究,对软玉的研究工作进行完善和补充。本文首先通过对大量软玉样品进行手标本的肉眼观察及显微观察,分别对软玉山料、子料及染色子料的外观特点进行总结和对比。然后选取特点鲜明的样品做薄片进行偏光镜下的观察,对次生矿物的结构和存在形式做了研究,发现次生交代主要发生于表皮、裂隙及微裂隙附近,以及矿物颗粒结合不够紧密的部分。裂隙、微裂隙为次生交代提供了通道。次生矿物集合体形态常表现为沿裂隙的脉状、分散状或保留原矿物的假象。利用多种现代测试技术如红外光谱、X射线粉晶衍射、拉曼光谱和电子探针等,对发现的次生矿物进行矿物成分的测试分析,发现软玉石礓中被交代矿物为透辉石,交代矿物透闪石形成时间晚于软玉主体(以透闪石为主,含有透辉石等)的形成,且质地松散,也是一种次生矿物且存在较为普遍,山料子料中均可出现;子料的皮壳和及其附近存在叶蛇纹石、绿泥石、滑石、方解石等次生矿物。叶蛇纹石、绿泥石、滑石等次生矿物组合出现,是软玉子料的标型矿物组合。
[Abstract]:Nephrite as a medium for the cultural heritage of the Chinese nation has been circulated for thousands of years.The long history of development and utilization of nephrite is accompanied by the development of the whole Chinese nation.According to the occurrence of nephrite, it is divided into sub-material, mountain material and mountain flowing water. As a result of the long secondary process, the mineral composition and structural characteristics of the sub-material (mainly the part of its crust) often change to a certain extent.It makes people feel more delicate, and the color of the skin shell is rich, the use of artistry can make it more artistic value, so leather materials are often more popular.However, there is not a set of theory to guide the practice, especially for the secondary change of nephrite and the study of secondary minerals.In this paper, a large number of related samples of nephrite were selected, and the secondary minerals were studied systematically, and the research work of nephrite was improved and supplemented.In this paper, through the naked and microscopic observation of hand samples of a large number of nephrite samples, the appearance characteristics of nephrite material, sub-material and dyed sub-material were summarized and compared respectively.The structure and the existing form of secondary minerals are studied. It is found that the secondary metasomatism mainly occurs near the epidermis, cracks and microcracks, and the secondary metasomatism occurs mainly near the epidermis, fissures and microcracks, and the secondary metasomatism occurs mainly near the epidermis, cracks and microcracks.And mineral particles that are not tightly bound.Fissures, microcracks provide a channel for secondary metasomatism.The morphology of secondary mineral aggregates is often shown as veins along the fissure, dispersion or false retention of the original minerals.By using a variety of modern testing techniques such as infrared spectrum X-ray powder diffraction, Raman spectrum and electron probe, the mineral composition of the discovered secondary mineral was tested and analyzed. It was found that the metasomorphic mineral in the soft jade was diopside.The metasomatic mineral tremolite was formed later than the main body of nephrite (mainly tremolite, containing diopside and so on), and its texture is loose.There are secondary minerals such as serpentine, chlorite, talc, calcite and so on.The secondary mineral assemblages of serpentine, chlorite and talc are the standard mineral assemblage of nephrite.
【学位授予单位】：石家庄经济学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P619.281

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