垃圾填埋场渗漏电法监测技术与应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 19:08

本文选题：垃圾填埋场 + 渗漏监测　；参考：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的飞速发展，各种固体废弃物垃圾产量也越来越多，我国已出现垃圾围城现象。卫生填埋是目前我国处理各种固体垃圾的首要手段，而垃圾填埋场中垃圾渗滤液的渗漏会造成周围土壤、地表水和地下水的污染，对人类产生极大危害。电学检测方法因其操作简单、方便快捷、成本低廉、自动化程度高、属无损检测且没有二次污染等优点，成为各国学者研究的主要方向，但是目前国内并没有能够实时监测渗滤液渗漏的成熟方法和电法设备。电法勘探是根据研究对象的电学性质差异，通过观测和研究由电性差异引起的人工和天然电磁场的空间和时间分布规律的变化特点，达到查明地下结构特征或矿产分布的地球物理方法。我们将其运用到垃圾填埋场的渗漏监测中，通过与背景场区的电位值、电阻率和膜间电阻的处理对比，我们可以判断是否有渗漏点存在。本论文经过对垃圾填埋场的结构进行分析、简化，，提出了等效电法监测模型。用实验槽模拟实际垃圾填埋场场区，对比研究电位法、电阻率法和膜间电阻扫描法对不同渗漏状况的监测效果。研究结果表明：电位法和膜间电阻扫描法可以快速的检测出漏点的位置和数目，并行电位法数据采集可以一次性采集场区内所有测点的电位值，具有很强的实时性，故电位法可以实现对垃圾填埋场区内渗漏的实时监测。电阻率法数据采集无法实现多测点、大数据量的实时采集，有一定的采集周期，实时性较差，不适合用于渗漏的实时监测。但电阻率法可以很好的对渗漏的扩散范围和路径进行检测研究（水平方向和垂直方向），故可很好的用于垃圾填埋场外围的渗漏检测。根据理论研究、实验验证及吉林大学工程研究所对电法监测仪器的开发研究，形成了国内首例完整的垃圾填埋场渗漏电法监测系统，并将其成功应用到内蒙古东部某垃圾填埋场中。通过在垃圾填埋场的实际监测效果表明，电位法监测方法和其配套电法仪器完全能胜任实时监测垃圾填埋场中渗滤液渗漏的任务。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy in our country, the output of solid waste is more and more. Sanitary landfill is the most important way to dispose of all kinds of solid waste in our country at present, and the leachate leakage in the landfill site will cause pollution of soil, surface water and groundwater, which will cause great harm to human beings. Because of its advantages of simple operation, convenience, low cost, high degree of automation, non-destructive testing and no secondary pollution, electrical detection method has become the main research direction of scholars in various countries. However, there is no mature method and electrical equipment to monitor leachate leakage in real time. Electrical exploration is based on the electrical properties of the object of study, through observation and study of the artificial and natural electromagnetic field caused by the spatial and temporal distribution of the characteristics, A geophysical method for ascertaining the characteristics of underground structures or the distribution of minerals. We apply it to landfill leakage monitoring. By comparing with the potential value, resistivity and intermembrane resistance of the background field, we can judge whether there is a leakage point or not. In this paper, the structure of landfill is analyzed and simplified, and an equivalent electric monitoring model is put forward. The experiment tank was used to simulate the actual landfill site, and the monitoring effects of potential method, resistivity method and intermembrane resistance scanning method on different leakage conditions were compared and studied. The results show that the potential method and the intermembrane resistance scanning method can quickly detect the location and number of leakage points, and the data acquisition of parallel potential method can collect the potential values of all the measured points in the field area at one time, which has a strong real-time performance. Therefore, the potential method can realize the real-time monitoring of landfill leakage. Resistivity data acquisition can not realize multi-point real-time acquisition of large amount of data, there is a certain period of acquisition, the real-time performance is poor, so it is not suitable for the real-time monitoring of leakage. But the resistivity method can be used to detect the diffusion range and path of leakage (horizontal and vertical direction), so it can be used in the leakage detection of landfill. Based on the theoretical research, experimental verification and the development of electrical monitoring instruments by the Institute of Engineering of Jilin University, the first complete electrical monitoring system for landfill leakage in China has been formed. It was successfully applied to a landfill in eastern Inner Mongolia. The actual monitoring results in the landfill show that the potentiometric monitoring method and its associated electrical instrument can be used to monitor the leachate leakage in the landfill in real time.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.3;X705

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