那陵格勒河冲洪积扇地下水库地下水开发利用方案分析

发布时间：2018-04-23 20:50

本文选题：那陵格勒河 + 地下水资源评价　；参考：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：那陵格勒河地处柴达木盆地，为盆地内水量丰富、流域面积最广的一条内陆河，其山前冲洪积扇地区为水资源相对丰富的地带，充分利用这些富水地带开展地下水资源的调蓄运用，将会提高本地区水资源的供给能力，为生活和生产建设提供可靠的水资源保障。本文在研究区自然地理、地质与水文地质条件分析的基础上，对那陵格勒河冲洪积扇作为天然地下水库的可行性进行了论证，建立了库区的三维非稳定流地下水流数值模型，确定了地下水库的特征水面和特征库容，模拟预测了地下水库不同水量开发利用方案的效果。通过系统研究，得到如下结论： 1、那陵格勒冲洪积扇是一座天然地下水库。地下水库的库区含水层厚度较大，颗粒较粗，储水与给水性较强，，渗透性较好，导水性良好，以孔隙潜水为主，开发利用空间大，地下水溢出带含水层为多层结构，颗粒变细，透水性差，相对隔水；地下水库的主要补给来源为那陵格勒河河水的入渗补给，采用地下水位波动法（WTF）计算研究区的河流渗漏量，现状年条件下的河流渗漏量为6.16×108m3/a，补给充沛；地下水库库区的开采条件良好，有利于地下水资源的开发利用与调蓄。 2、那陵格勒冲洪积扇地下水库的地下水允许开采量大。采用VisualMODFlow软件建立地下水库数值模型并进行求解。计算得出基于生态因素的地下水允许开采量为65×104m3/d：当地下水开采量在65×104m3/d以下时，芦苇适宜生长面积萎缩速率相对较小；当开采量超过此阈值后，地下水的进一步增量开采将导致芦苇生长面积的大幅萎缩。 3、确定了地下水库的特征水面与特征库容。采用“特征水面”代替通常使用的“特征水位”，提出了新的地下水库调控特征参数，包括死水面和死库容、正常蓄水面和正常调蓄库容、现状地下水面和已占库容及腾空库容；进一步利用已建立的地下水流数值模型，分别给出了那陵格勒河地下水库的特征水面，计算出地下水库的总库容为190.3108m3，死库容为159.4108m3，正常调蓄库容为30.9108m3。 4、模拟分析了那陵格勒河冲洪积扇地下水库的水资源开发利用方案效果。根据工业、农牧业和生活用水的情况，设定两种不同的地下水开采情景：一是根据研究区的地下水需求量进行开采，二是根据整个那陵格勒河流域的地下水需求量进行开采；按多年平均河流径流量（13.35108m3/a）以及历史监测流量重现的条件，分别开展了4种地下水开发利用方案的模拟和预测，结果表明：随着开采量的增加，地下水天然排泄量（蒸发、侧向排泄等）逐渐减少，在一定程度上弥补了地下水人工开采量对地下水均衡的影响，体现出那陵格勒河冲洪积扇地下水库具有极强的水量调节能力。
[Abstract]:The Naling Gler River is located in the Qaidam Basin. It is a inland river with abundant water content and the widest basin area. The area of the alluvial fan in front of the mountain is a relatively rich area of water resources. Making full use of these rich land zones to carry out the regulation and utilization of groundwater resources will improve the supply capacity of water resources in this area and provide reliable water resources guarantee for daily life and production and construction. Based on the analysis of the natural geography, geology and hydrogeology of the study area, the feasibility of the alluvial fan of the Naling Gelle River as a natural underground reservoir is demonstrated in this paper, and the numerical model of the three-dimensional unsteady flow groundwater flow in the reservoir area is established. The characteristic water surface and characteristic reservoir capacity of underground reservoir are determined, and the effects of different water quantity development and utilization schemes of underground reservoir are simulated and forecasted. Through systematic research, the following conclusions are obtained: 1. The Naling Guller alluvial fan is a natural underground reservoir. In the reservoir area of underground reservoir, the aquifer is thicker, the grain is coarse, the water storage and feed water is stronger, the permeability is better, the permeability is good, the pore phreatic water is dominant, the space for exploitation and utilization is large, the aquifer in the groundwater overflow zone is multi-layer structure, and the particles become finer. The main supply source of the underground reservoir is the infiltration and recharge of the Naling Gelle River, and the leakage of the river in the study area is calculated by the method of groundwater level fluctuation. The leakage of the river is 6.16 脳 10 8 m3 / a in the current year, which is abundant in recharge. The exploitation conditions of underground reservoir area are favorable to the exploitation and storage of groundwater resources. 2, the underground water of Naalinggler alluvial fan underground reservoir is large. The numerical model of underground reservoir is established and solved by VisualMODFlow software. The results show that the allowable exploitation rate of groundwater based on ecological factors is 65 脳 10 ~ 4 m ~ (3 / d): when groundwater exploitation is below 65 脳 104m3/d, the suitable growth area shrinkage rate of Reed is relatively small, and when the extraction amount exceeds this threshold, Further incremental exploitation of groundwater will result in a sharp contraction of Reed growing area. 3. The characteristic water surface and characteristic storage capacity of underground reservoir are determined. In this paper, "characteristic water surface" is used instead of "characteristic water level", and a new characteristic parameter of underground reservoir regulation is put forward, including dead water surface and dead reservoir capacity, normal water storage surface and normal storage capacity. In the present situation, the groundwater surface, the occupied and vacated storage capacity, and the characteristic water surface of the Naalingrad River underground reservoir are given respectively by using the established numerical model of groundwater flow. The total storage capacity of underground reservoir is 190.3108m3, the dead storage capacity is 159.4108m3and the normal storage capacity is 30.9108m3. 4. The effects of water resources exploitation and utilization of the alluvial fan underground reservoir in the Naling Gelle River are simulated and analyzed. According to the situation of industry, agriculture and animal husbandry and domestic water, two different kinds of groundwater exploitation scenarios are set up: one is based on the groundwater demand in the study area, the other is based on the groundwater demand of the whole Nahulingrad river basin; According to the annual average river runoff of 13.35108 m3 / a) and the condition of historical monitoring flow recurrence, the simulation and prediction of four kinds of groundwater exploitation and utilization schemes have been carried out, respectively. The results show that with the increase of exploitation amount, the natural groundwater discharge amount (evaporation, evaporation, The decrease of lateral discharge makes up for the influence of groundwater exploitation on groundwater balance to some extent and shows that the alluvial fan underground reservoir of the Naling Gelle River has a strong capacity of water regulation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P641.8

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