伊朗M油田复杂碳酸盐岩储层评价研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 11:27

本文选题：复杂碳酸盐岩储层 + 储集空间类型　；参考：《西南石油大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：M油田位于伊朗西南部,于1908年发现、1911年投入开发,为中东地区第一个发现并投产的商业油田,Asmari组碳酸盐岩储层为其主力层位。近百年开发过程中,油田历经下部侏罗系高含H2S气体窜入及大量气体漏出地面等历史事件,造成目前上有气顶、下带边水的流体分布态势,油藏压力极低(压力系数仅为0.344左右),储层非均质性强。论文研究开展之前,油田已基本处于停产状态。为使百年油田焕发活力并实现有效、持续、规模开发,有必要对该油田Asmari组复杂碳酸盐岩储层开展综合评价研究,为油田开发方案编制等工作提供技术依据。论文以M油田Asmari组碳酸盐岩储层为对象,野外露头观察、实验分析、录井、测井、测试等资料为基础,借助直方图、交会图等技术手段,分析了其沉积微相和发育特征,识别了有效储层和流体,标定了有效储层下限,研究了有利储层展布规律,并建立了三维地质模型,取得了丰富的研究成果。(1)前人研究认为,M油田Asmari储层岩性以灰岩为主,即"Asmari limestone",论文发现并验证了储层岩性以云岩、灰质云岩、云质灰岩和灰岩为主,同时建立了岩性识别图版。(2)论文建立了M油田Asmari组沉积模式,识别并划分了三种沉积微相(局限、开阔和蒸发台地),分析了不同微相的物性特征和空间分布特征,指出开阔台地为有利相带,为后续开展储层研究提供了地质依据。(3)从宏观到微观,以不同尺度和不同角度,论文深入研究了M油田Asmari储层储集空间类型与特征,提出研究区内发育溶蚀孔洞和裂缝,其中溶蚀孔洞为油气储集空间、裂缝为运移通道。(4)论文总结Asmari储层发育四类孔喉,依次为大、中、小和微孔喉,研究不同孔隙度区间孔喉分布特征,建立其对应的孔喉分布模板,分析不同孔隙度区间孔喉发育规律,对深化储层认识极具指导意义。(5)论文研究M油田Asmari储层的非均质性特征,并借助地球化学指标和生产过程中压力变化等资料,研究油藏连通性特征,有力指导了井位部署和优化射孔等后续工作。(6)论文应用基于常规测井资料处理裂缝参数的技术方法,分析总结储集空间分布与岩性组合的特征规律：溶蚀孔洞发育与白云化程度成正比,裂缝发育与白云化程度成反比,并建立储集空间类型与岩性关系识别模板。(7)综合利用相渗资料、孔隙度-饱和度交会、含油产状、压汞资料等资料,确定了M油田Asmari组储层下限,为后续有效储层统计及储量评估提供了有利依据。(8)钊对M油田Asmari储层,论文从岩性、物性和含油性等指标出发,建立了适合其储层的致密层、泥岩、水层及含油层识别模板,其可靠性得到生产资料证实。(9)针对异常低压储层流体识别这一国际性技术难题,论文研究了Asmari组异常低压油藏的流体判别技术和流体界面识别方法,明确了流体空间分布规律,该认识一定程度上解决了困扰钻井及开发技术人员的技术瓶颈。(10)综合利用多种技术指标,针对M油田,首次建立了Asmari组油藏储层划分和识别标准,据此将其分为四类,研究了各类储层分布特征,借助日产量、稳产期等指标,研究了高产井分布规律,有利指导了井位部署,也为优化钻井轨迹提供了技术依据。综合上述各项研究结果,首次建立了M油田Asmari三维地质构造及常规物性模型,其可靠性得到了水平井实钻、试油和生产资料证实,水平井测试产量及各项生产指标均超过预期目标；找到了针对全世界范围内、诸多缺少地震等关键资料的老油田,建立符合地下客观规律地质模型的技术思路和方法手段,形成了一套针对类似复杂储层油田的综合评价流程、方法和技术体系,为提高目前诸多基本处于停滞状态、迈入后期、亟待恢复生产的边际油田整体效益,指明了方向。
[Abstract]:M oilfield is located in the southwest of Iran. In 1908, it was discovered in 1911. It was put into development in 1911. It was the first commercial oilfield found and put into production in the Middle East region. The carbonate reservoir of group Asmari was the main layer. In the process of nearly one hundred years, the oil field had gone through historical events such as the high H2S gas in the lower Jurassic and the leakage of a large amount of gas from the ground. The reservoir pressure is very low (the pressure coefficient is only about 0.344), and the reservoir heterogeneity is strong. Before the research is carried out, the oil field is basically in the state of stopping production. In order to make the 100 year oil field energize and achieve effective, continuous and scale opening, it is necessary to open the complex carbonate reservoir in the Asmari group of this oilfield. The comprehensive evaluation study provides technical basis for the development of oilfield development program. The paper takes the carbonate reservoir of group Asmari of M oilfield as the object, field outcrop observation, experimental analysis, logging, logging, test and other data, and analyses the sedimentary microfacies and development characteristics with the help of histogram and rendezvous map. The reservoir and fluid, demarcated the lower limit of effective reservoir, studied the distribution law of favorable reservoir, and established a three-dimensional geological model. (1) previous studies have found that the lithology of Asmari reservoir in M oilfield is mainly gray rock, that is "Asmari limestone", and the reservoir lithology is found and verified by the lithology of cloud rock, gray cloud rock, cloud limestone and Limestone is the main type, and lithology identification chart is set up at the same time. (2) the paper established the sedimentary model of Asmari group in M oilfield, identified and divided three sedimentary microfacies (limited, open and evaporative platform), analyzed the physical characteristics and spatial distribution characteristics of different microfacies, pointed out that the open platform was a favorable phase, and provided geological basis for the subsequent reservoir research. (3) (3) from the macroscopic to the microcosmic, the paper studies the types and characteristics of the reservoir space of Asmari reservoir in M oilfield, and puts forward the development of the karst cave and crack in the study area, in which the karst cave is the reservoir space and the fracture is the migration channel. (4) the paper summarizes the four types of pore throat developed in the Asmari reservoir, which is in turn large, medium and small. And micropore throat, study the distribution characteristics of pore throat in different porosity interval, establish its corresponding pore throat distribution template, analyze the law of pore throat development in different porosity interval, and have great guiding significance to deepen the understanding of reservoir. (5) this paper studies the heterogeneity of Asmari reservoir in M oilfield, and uses geochemical index and pressure change in production process. Data, study the characteristics of reservoir connectivity, effectively guide the follow-up work of well location deployment and optimization of perforation. (6) the paper applies the technical method of processing fracture parameters based on conventional logging data, analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of reservoir spatial distribution and lithologic combination, which is proportional to the degree of dolomitization, fracture development and dolomitization. The degree becomes inverse ratio, and the reservoir space type and lithologic relation identification template is established. (7) comprehensive utilization of phase infiltration data, porosity saturation rendezvous, oil production and mercury pressure data, determine the lower limit of the Asmari reservoir in M oilfield, and provide a favorable basis for the subsequent effective reservoir statistics and reserves evaluation. (8) Zhao to M oilfield Asmari reservoir, paper Based on the indexes of lithology, physical property and oiliness, the dense layer, mudstone, water layer and oil bearing layer identification template are established, and its reliability is confirmed by the production data. (9) in view of the international technical problem of abnormal low pressure reservoir fluid identification, the paper studies the fluid discrimination technique and the fluid boundary of the abnormal low pressure reservoir in Asmari group. The method of surface recognition defines the spatial distribution of fluid, which solves the technical bottleneck of drilling and developing technical personnel to a certain extent. (10) based on a variety of technical indicators, the classification and identification standards of reservoir reservoirs in the M oilfield have been established for the first time. According to this, they are divided into four types, and the distribution characteristics of various reservoirs are studied. With the help of the index of daily production and stable production, the distribution law of high yield wells is studied, the well position deployment is guided, and the technical basis for optimizing the drilling trajectory is provided. The three dimensional geological structure and the conventional physical property model of the M oilfield have been established for the first time. The reliability of the Asmari oil field is obtained by the horizontal well drilling, the oil test and the production data. It is proved that the production and production indexes of the horizontal wells are more than the expected targets, and the old oil fields, which are in line with the key data lack of earthquakes in the world, have been found, and the technical ideas and methods of establishing the geological model of the underground objective law have been established, and a set of comprehensive evaluation process for similar complex reservoirs is formed. And the technical system, in order to improve the present basic stagnation and enter into the later stage, it is urgent to restore the marginal oil field's overall benefit, and point out the direction.

【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13

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