土壤抗剪强度测量装置研制

发布时间：2018-04-26 16:23

本文选题：土的抗剪强度 + 内粘聚力　；参考：《中国计量学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：滑坡作为一种常见的地质灾害,它对人类社会发展和经济建设的危害是世界性的。滑坡从本质上说是土发生剪切破坏,形成破坏面,随着破坏面逐渐扩大,连接成片后导致土体滑动。而土的抗剪强度是岩土体一项重要的物理性能指标,它取决于土壤的内粘聚力和内摩擦力,是反应滑坡灾害隐患点是否可能发生灾害的重要参数之一。结合地形地貌以及其他因素分析滑坡灾害隐患点的土体抗剪强度,可实现滑坡灾害的预报。因此测量土的抗剪强度对于滑坡隐患点的监测和预防具有重要意义。本文首先介绍了几种国内外滑坡监测技术,再分析比较了国内外土的抗剪强度测量方法的发展现状,为了实现滑坡隐患点的现场监测,本文提出一种装置来实现现场测量土的抗剪强度。该装置由十字板、扭矩传感器、步进电机、单片机硬件电路等结构组成。测量时由单片机控制步进电机,步进电机带动十字板在土体中发生剪切,在与十字板同轴的扭矩传感器上测得与剪切力相关的扭矩信号,通过一系列转换电路将扭矩信号传送到单片机,由单片机进行数据处理后计算出土的抗剪强度,通过RS232通讯将数据上传给上位机。最后通过对杭州地区的软粘土用非饱和土直接仪和本文设计的装置进行了抗剪强度测量实验,对比两者得到的数据并进行误差分析,结果表明本文设计的装置符合测量要求。
[Abstract]:As a common geological hazard, landslide is a worldwide hazard to the development of human society and economic construction. The landslide is essentially a soil shear failure, forming a failure surface, with the gradual expansion of the failure surface, connected into pieces, resulting in soil sliding. The shear strength of the soil is an important physical performance index of rock and soil, which depends on the cohesive force and internal friction of the soil, and is one of the important parameters to reflect the potential disaster of the hidden danger point of landslide. The prediction of landslide disaster can be realized by analyzing the shear strength of soil in the hidden danger point of landslide by combining topographic and geomorphologic factors. Therefore, it is important to measure the shear strength of soil for monitoring and prevention of landslide hidden danger points. This paper first introduces several kinds of landslide monitoring techniques at home and abroad, and then analyzes and compares the development status of soil shear strength measurement methods at home and abroad, in order to realize the site monitoring of landslide hidden danger points. In this paper, a device is proposed to measure the shear strength of soil in situ. The device is composed of cross plate, torque sensor, step motor, single chip microcomputer hardware circuit and so on. The step motor is controlled by a single chip microcomputer, and the cross plate is shearing in the soil. The torque signal related to shear force is measured on the torque sensor of the cross plate coaxial. The torque signal is transmitted to the single chip microcomputer by a series of conversion circuits, and the shear strength of the excavated soil is calculated after the data processing by the single chip microcomputer, and the data is uploaded to the upper computer through RS232 communication. Finally, the experiment of shear strength measurement is carried out on the unsaturated soil direct instrument and the apparatus designed in this paper in Hangzhou area, the data obtained from them are compared and the error analysis is carried out. The results show that the device designed in this paper meets the requirements of measurement.
【学位授予单位】：中国计量学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.22;TU411.7

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