铀在海相烃源岩中富集的条件及主控因素

发布时间：2018-04-27 23:08

本文选题：铀 + 烃源岩　；参考：《地球科学进展》2017年02期

【摘要】：国内外沉积盆地中铀的富集不同程度地伴随烃源岩的形成。铀作为一种兼具催化、氧化和放射性的特殊元素,其对有机矿产的形成及演化可能具有重要的促进作用,通过调查并统计国内外烃源岩中铀含量,在分析铀与各类矿物、有机质及微生物等相互作用的基础上,讨论了铀在海相烃源岩中的富集条件及主控因素,提出古大气和古海洋的氧化程度是烃源岩中铀富集的主要控制因素,陆地含氧风化和海底热液可能是海相沉积铀的2个主要来源,含铁矿物组成、有机质、磷酸盐矿物、黏土矿物及一些微生物等均可导致铀价态转化,并作为载体,通过吸附或络合作用使铀在沉积物中富集。因此,铀富集可能是烃源岩形成的一个伴随结果。
[Abstract]:The enrichment of uranium in sedimentary basins at home and abroad is accompanied by the formation of source rocks to varying degrees. Uranium, as a special element with both catalysis, oxidation and radioactivity, may play an important role in the formation and evolution of organic minerals. Through investigation and statistics of uranium content in source rocks at home and abroad, uranium and all kinds of minerals are analyzed. On the basis of the interaction between organic matter and microorganism, the enrichment conditions and main controlling factors of uranium in marine source rocks are discussed. It is pointed out that the oxidation degree of paleo-atmosphere and paleoocean is the main controlling factor of uranium enrichment in source rocks. Oxygen weathering on land and hydrothermal solution on the sea floor may be two main sources of uranium in marine sediments. The composition of iron-bearing minerals, organic matter, phosphate minerals, clay minerals and some microbes may lead to the conversion of uranium valence and act as carriers. Uranium is enriched in sediments by adsorption or complexation. Therefore, uranium enrichment may be a concomitant result of source rock formation.
【作者单位】：北京大学地球科学与空间科学学院;中国石油天然气股份有限公司油气地球化学重点实验室;中国石油勘探开发研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重点项目“中国元古代海相烃源岩形成的生物、海洋和地质因素及耦合关系研究”(编号:41530317);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“铀的放射性作用对有机质成熟和生烃的影响”(编号:41602144)资助~~
【分类号】：P618.13

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