浑太河水环境容量计算研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 05:33

本文选题：水环境容量 + 浑太河　；参考：《河北工程大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：水是生命之源,是社会发展与人类生活必须的资源。伴随我国社会经济的飞速发展,水资源开发利用量不断增长,废污水排放量也不断增加,由于水体所能容纳的污染物总量是有限的,超过一定限度必将导致水体自净等一系列既定功能的丧失。目前,过量的废水排入水环境当中,导致我国多数河流水质无法达标,2011年,在控制河流污染、实行最严格水资源管理制度之际,准确界定水环境容量是合理利用水体自净能力,科学控制污染物排放总量,有效治理水环境的关键技术。浑太河发源于辽宁省东部,主要由浑河、太子河构成,流域面积约2.54万km2,流经辽宁省9市25县区,是辽宁省重要的工业、农业及政治文化分布区。浑太河在保障区域水资源供给的同时接纳了来自抚顺、沈阳、本溪和辽阳四个地区大量的工业、农业及城镇生活废污水,部分河段入河污染物总量超过了该河段水环境容量,致使浑太河总体水质呈现V类水水平,水环境问题导致多数水功能区难以保障功能目标。本文以浑太河为研究区域,在水功能区分区的基础上,针对浑太河水环境问题,以及区域特性,归纳总结和对比分析国内外水环境容量方法的,耦合线性规划法和水动力与水质模型计算了浑太河水环境容量,具体研究内容和成果如下:1、在查阅大量国内外文献基础上,系统总结归纳了公式法、模型试错法、线性规划法、概率稀释模型法、盲数理论法的优缺点,使用情况,针对浑太河实际情况,选用线性规划法对区域水环境容量进行计算。2、在精确剖析浑太河不同空间、不同要素的水质评价结果的基础上,考虑排污口对控制断面的关键,创新性的将水动力水质模型与线性规划法进行耦合计算了研究区域的水环境容量。3、基于上述耦合方法,计算得出在设计水文条件下的浑太河COD的水环境容量为24756t/a,氨氮水环境容量为1528t/a。4、通过对比上述结果与浑太河现状入河排放量和分析浑太河各功能区水环境变化对比,验证浑太河水环境问题的严重性。并对比15年前《流域综合规划》,本研究的COD与氨氮水环境容量远小于综合规划计算的相应成果,核心原因是本研究方法基于每个水功能区内排污口分布计算每一个排污口以下河段水环境容量,而每一个排污口以上河段是该排污口无法利用的水环境。而本研究更加符合最严格水资源管理制度下不再新增入河排污口的管理政策,可为今后流域入河排污总量控制提供科学依据。也为其流域的水环境容量研究提供了借鉴。
[Abstract]:Water is the source of life and a necessary resource for social development and human life. With the rapid development of social economy in our country, the amount of water resources development and utilization is increasing, and the discharge of waste water is also increasing, because the total amount of pollutants that water can hold is limited. Over a certain limit will lead to the loss of a series of established functions such as water self-purification. At present, excessive waste water is discharged into the water environment, which results in the water quality of most rivers in our country being unable to meet the standard. In 2011, when controlling river pollution and implementing the strictest water resources management system, the water environment capacity is defined as the ability to reasonably utilize water body self-purification. Scientific control of the total discharge of pollutants, effective control of the water environment key technologies. The Hun Tai River originates in the eastern part of Liaoning Province and is mainly composed of Hunhe River and princeling River. The basin area is about 25400 km ~ 2 and flows through 25 counties of 9 cities in Liaoning Province. It is an important distribution area of industry, agriculture and political culture in Liaoning Province. While ensuring regional water resources supply, the Hun Tai River receives a large amount of industrial, agricultural and urban domestic waste water from four areas, Fushun, Shenyang, Benxi and Liaoyang. The total amount of pollutants in some reaches of the river exceeds the water environmental capacity of the reach. As a result, the overall water quality of the Hun Tai River presents V water level, and the water environment problems lead to the difficulty of ensuring the functional objectives in most water function areas. In this paper, based on the zonation of water function area, aiming at the environmental problems and regional characteristics of Hun Tai River, this paper summarizes and compares the methods of water environment capacity at home and abroad, taking the Hun Tai River as the research area. Coupled linear programming method and hydrodynamic and water quality model are used to calculate the environmental capacity of Huantai River. The specific research contents and results are as follows: 1. On the basis of consulting a large number of domestic and foreign literatures, the formula method, model trial and error method, linear programming method are summarized systematically. The advantages and disadvantages of probabilistic dilution model method and blind number theory method are analyzed. According to the actual situation of Hun Tai River, linear programming method is used to calculate the regional water environment capacity. On the basis of water quality evaluation results of different factors, considering the key of sewage outlet to control section, the hydrodynamic water quality model and linear programming method are innovatively coupled to calculate the water environmental capacity of the studied area. Under the designed hydrological conditions, the water environment capacity of COD and ammonia nitrogen is 24756 t / a and 1528 t / a.4respectively. By comparing the above results with the current discharge amount of Hun Tai River and the analysis of water environment change in various functional areas of the Hun Tai River, Verify the seriousness of the environmental problems in Hun Tai River. Compared with the integrated watershed planning 15 years ago, the environmental capacity of COD and ammonia nitrogen in this study is much smaller than the corresponding results of comprehensive planning calculation. The main reason is that based on the distribution of the sewage outlet in each water function area, the water environmental capacity of the section below each sewage outlet is calculated, and the water environment above each sewage outlet is the unusable water environment. This study is more in line with the management policy of no new drainage outlets under the strictest water resources management system, which can provide scientific basis for the control of the total amount of sewage discharged into the river basin in the future. It also provides reference for the study of the water environmental capacity of the watershed.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X26;X143

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