多格式地震数据存取与转换技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 21:40

本文选题：多格式震数据 + 分布式存储　；参考：《东北石油大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着石油勘探技术的不断创新,获取的地震资料数据量越来越大。为了提高地震数据访问效率,在地震数据处理平台的研制中,提出了各种提高地震数据访问效率的方法。同时勘探设备不断更新,导致了地震数据的格式也在不断的改变,变种格式和自定义格式层出不穷。因此对不同格式地震数据的转换需要消耗大量的时间。为了提高数据的存取效率,许多处理系统内部定义了专用的格式,虽然提高了系统内部的存取效率,但是需要进行内外部数据格式转换,无法做到数据格式的统一,如何解决数据存取的通用性和高效性之间的矛盾是设计地震资料处理系统需要解决的一个重要问题。针对上述问题,本论文主要任务是,对地震数据的读写和格式结构进行研究,建立MSFDM,以实现多格式地震数据的读写和转换,减少开发人员的编程量,并且在此基础上实现MSDSM,提高数据存取效率,降低存储成本,解决多格式地震数据存取的通用性和高效性之间的矛盾。本文的具体研究内容如下:1.多格式地震数据文件描述模型的设计。不同格式的地震数据有不同的数据结构,在分析地震数据格式的特点和应用情况的基础上,对地震结构进行抽象,建立起与格式无关的MSFDM,MSFDM由BIES、THES、TGES组成。在此基础上实现了多格式地震数据的存取操作,通过建立文件描述信息的索引对地震数据存取效率进行了初步优化。2.多格式地震数据分布式存储模型的设计。通过建立MSDSM,将地震数据文件以道集为基本单位拆分为多个地震数据块并分配到多个节点中,使之更有效地进行数据的存储。以分布式的存储为依托,再加入分级式的索引策略,设计MSDSM中的数据存取和分块策略,从而实现多格式地震数据的高效存取。3.在MSDSM与MSFDM的基础上实现多格式地震数据存取接口、加载与转换模块。存取接口可以实现对多格式地震数据的快速存取操作;加载模块实现MSDSM与MSFDM的创建;转换模块实现不同格式地震数据之间的转换。综合论文的研究内容,通过建立MSDSM和MSFDM,解决在地震资料处理系统中格式不统一以及效率低下的问题。设计具体的应用实例进行验证,证明本文的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous innovation of petroleum exploration technology, the amount of seismic data obtained is more and more large. In order to improve the efficiency of seismic data access, various methods to improve the efficiency of seismic data access are put forward in the development of seismic data processing platform. At the same time, the exploration equipment is constantly updated, resulting in the seismic data format is also constantly changing, variant format and custom format emerge in endlessly. Therefore, it takes a lot of time to convert seismic data with different formats. In order to improve the efficiency of data access, many processing systems define a special format. Although it improves the internal and external data format conversion, it can not achieve a unified data format. How to solve the contradiction between generality and efficiency of data access is an important problem in designing seismic data processing system. In view of the above problems, the main task of this paper is to study the structure of reading, writing and format of seismic data, to establish MSFDM, to realize the reading, writing and conversion of multi-format seismic data, and to reduce the amount of programming of developers. On this basis, MSDSM is implemented to improve the efficiency of data access, reduce the storage cost, and solve the contradiction between generality and efficiency of multi-format seismic data access. The specific contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Design of multi-format seismic data file description model. Seismic data with different formats have different data structures. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics and application of seismic data format, the seismic structure is abstracted, and a form-independent MSFDM / MSFDM is established, which is composed of BIESX / THESHESTGES. On this basis, the access operation of multi-format seismic data is realized, and the retrieval efficiency of seismic data is preliminarily optimized by establishing the index of document description information. Design of distributed storage model for multi-format seismic data. By establishing MSDSM, the seismic data file is divided into multiple seismic data blocks based on the trace set and allocated to multiple nodes, so that the data can be stored more effectively. Based on the distributed storage and adding the hierarchical index strategy, the data access and block strategy in MSDSM is designed to realize the efficient access of multi-format seismic data. 3. On the basis of MSDSM and MSFDM, the multi-format seismic data access interface, loading and conversion module are implemented. The access interface can realize fast access to multi-format seismic data; the loading module realizes the creation of MSDSM and MSFDM; and the conversion module realizes the conversion between different formats of seismic data. In order to solve the problem of inconsistency and inefficiency in seismic data processing system, MSDSM and MSFDM are established. A concrete application example is designed to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P631.44

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