黄骅坳陷孔西断裂带地堑成藏模式

发布时间：2018-05-03 22:38

本文选题：黄骅坳陷 + 孔西断裂带　；参考：《成都理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：黄骅坳陷位于渤海湾盆地中部,是一个在中生代盆地基础上发展起来的新生代断陷盆地,其东西两侧被埕宁隆起和沧县隆起所夹持,北端与燕山褶皱带相接。本文的研究区孔西断裂带位于黄骅坳陷孔店构造带的孔南地区,孔西断裂带属于盆地内的一个三级构造单元。孔西断裂带的主体区形成枣园油田,以往在孔西断裂带的勘探过程中主要将孔西断裂带的构造高部位做为勘探的重点区带,随着勘探开发程度的增高,发现此类有利目标的难度逐渐加大。近期在孔西断裂带构造低部位的勘探取得了突破,为该区勘探工作提供了新的思路。本文以孔西断裂带的构造特征为切入点,分析了孔西断裂带的活动性及其演化过程,总结出孔西地堑带的演化机制,明确了孔西地堑带与油气成藏要素之间的耦合关系,建立了孔西断裂带地堑成藏模式。该模式的提出突破了以往只注重在断裂带构造高部位寻找油气的思维定式,因此本文的研究对于该区的油气勘探具有重要的实践意义,同时也对老油区高成熟区块的进一步勘探开发具有一定的指导意义。本次研究的主要工作及其认识成果如下:1、在孔西断裂带沈家铺地区厘定出三条地堑带。地堑带的演化机制从大的背景上分析,受新生代太平洋板块与欧亚板块的相互作用影响,太平洋板块俯冲方向的变化,导致该区受到伸展与走滑应力的叠加。从局部构造背景分析,地堑带的演化直接是受该区风化店断层与孔西断层的控制,其中孔西断层起着更主要作用。孔西断层具有分段活动的特点,各段的活动性具有明显的差异,导致孔西断层各断与其倾向相向的风化店断层在底部相交形成了南、中、北三条地堑,三条地堑的整体形态相似,走向都为北东-南西向,在平面上成雁列式展布。2、孔西地堑带的发育演化与油气成藏要素之间有着密切关系。地堑带的发育区位于研究区的主要生油凹陷(沧东-南皮凹陷)内,地堑带底部切入孔二段的生油层,能够沟通油源。地堑带的发育控制着有利砂体的沉积,同一时期沉积在每条地堑带内的砂体都明显表现出沉积增厚的特征,并且在平面上整体沿地堑带分布。地堑带的发育过程中,控堑断裂的活动性影响着油气的运移与聚集;在地堑带的低部位,生油层能够与储层形成对接,由于断层在低部位活动较弱,油气主要发生侧向运移,形成“旁生侧储型”油藏;在地堑带的高部位由于断层活动性强,油气能够沿断层向上运移在高部位构造有利处聚集成藏。3、在孔西地堑带建立了地堑成藏模式。该成藏模式在形式上表现为“满堑含油、连片分布”的特征,即在地堑带中油气在纵向上沿断层成多层楼式错位叠置分布,在横向上的油气由构造低部位到高部位叠合连片分布。地堑成藏模式的主要成藏机制为:地堑带内的主要生油层系单一、储层发育、断裂控制油气的运聚,在地堑带的构造低部位油源对接成藏,高部位断裂运移构造成藏。
[Abstract]:The Huanghua depression is located in the middle of the Bohai Bay basin. It is a Cenozoic fault basin developed on the basis of Mesozoic basin. Its East and west sides are held by chengning uplift and Cangxian uplift, and the northern end is connected with the Yanshan fold belt. The Kongxi fault zone in the study area is located in the Kongnan area of the Huang Huaao travinedian structural belt and the Kongxi fault zone. A three stage tectonic unit in the basin. Zao Yuan Oilfield is formed in the main area of the hole west fault zone. In the past, during the exploration of the Kong Xi fault zone, the main structure of the hole west fault zone was the key zone of exploration. With the increase of exploration and development, it was found that the difficulty of this kind of goal was gradually increased. The exploration of the low part of the structure has made a breakthrough and provides a new way of thinking for the exploration work in this area. This paper, taking the structural characteristics of the hole west fault zone as the breakthrough point, analyzes the activity and evolution process of the hole west fault zone, summarizes the evolution mechanism of the Kong Xi graben zone, and clarifies the coupling relationship between the hole West graben zone and the oil and gas accumulation factors. In this paper, the study of this model has important practical significance for oil and gas exploration in this area, and also has certain guidance for the further exploration and development of the high maturity block in the old oil area. The main work and achievements of this study are as follows: 1, three graben belts are determined in the shenjiapu area of the Kong West fault zone. The evolution mechanism of the graben zone is analyzed from a large background, influenced by the interaction between the Cenozoic Pacific plate and the Eurasian plate, and the change of the subduction direction of the Pacific plate, which leads to the extension and movement of the region. From the local tectonic background analysis, the evolution of the graben zone is directly controlled by the weathering store fault and the hole west fault in the area, in which the hole west fault plays a more important role. The fault is formed in the south, middle and Northern graben at the bottom of the fault. The overall shape of the three graben is similar, and the trend is North East to South West, and in the plane it is.2. The development and evolution of the hole west of the graben zone are closely related to the oil and gas accumulation factors. The hair zone of the graben zone lies in the main oil depression in the study area (Cangdong Nanpi) In the depression, the two segments of the cut hole in the bottom of the graben can communicate with the oil source. The development of the graben belt controls the deposition of favorable sand bodies. The sand bodies deposited in each graben zone in the same period are obviously characterized by sedimentary thickening and distributed along the graben zone in the plane. In the development of the graben belt, the cutting fracture is controlled. The movement affects the migration and accumulation of oil and gas. In the low part of the graben belt, the oil and gas can form a docking with the reservoir. Because the fault is weak in the low part of the fault, the oil and gas mainly migrate laterally and form the "side side reservoir" reservoir, and the high part of the graben belt is capable of moving upward along the fault because of the strong fault activity. The formation of.3 is formed in the favorable area, and a pattern of graben formation is established in the Guxi graben zone. The reservoir pattern is characterized by the characteristics of "full cut oil bearing, continuous distribution", that is, the oil and gas in the graben belt are vertically stacked and stacked vertically along the fault, and the oil and gas in the transverse direction are overlapped from low to high position. The main formation mechanism of the pattern of the formation of the graben is that the main oil-bearing strata in the graben belt are single, the reservoir is developed, the fracture controls the migration and accumulation of oil and gas, the oil source in the low part of the graben belt is butted into the reservoir, and the high part of the fault is transported to the reservoir.

【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P618.13

【参考文献】